Ｕｎｉｔｓ１７—１８重难点词汇讲解

余　剑

Unit 17

1. imagine vt./n. “想象；猜测；假设”

基本用法：(1)imagine+(that)从句

Try to imagine that you are a tourist arriving in London for the first time. 想象自己是第一次来伦敦的游客。

(2)imagine what/how/why等从句

I can just imagine what the place is going to look like in a few years time. 我能想象出这个地方几年之后会变成什么样子。

(3)imagine (sb.) doing sth.

Its hard to imagine working in a place like that.

想象在那种地方工作是多么地艰难。

(4)imagine sb./sth. as…

I never know my grandmother but I always imagine her as a kind gentle person.

我从来没见过我的祖母但我把她想象成一个善良温和的人。

例题：

1. ——Look!Hes running so fast!

——Hard to ____ his legs were once broken. （2007浙江卷）

A. know B. imagine C. realize D. find

2. ——There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.

——My goodness!I cant imagine ____ that old.（2006江苏卷）

A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been

2. promise vt./n.“有前途；保证；答应；承诺；允诺”

基本用法：(1)promise (sb.) that从句

I promise (you) that such mistakes will never occur again.

我向你保证这种错误不会再发生了。

(2)promise sb./sth.

I cant promise you, but Ill do my best to help you.

我不能向你承诺什么，但我会尽力帮助你。

(3)promise (sb.) to do sth.

The children have promised to give us a hand with the packing.

孩子们已经答应帮助我们打包。

(4)make a promise that（同位语从句）

I made a promise that I would take any chances to improve my oral English. 我对自己作出了承诺一定要抓住任何机会来提高英语口语。

(5)make/keep/give a promise to do sth.

She kept her promise to visit her aunt regularly.

她信守定期去看望她阿姨的诺言。

拓展： break a promise 违背诺言keep a promise 信守诺言

make a promise 作出承诺 promising 有前途的；有希望的

show promise 很有前途；大有希望

3. threaten vt. “恐吓；威胁；预示（危险）”

基本用法：(1)threaten to do sth.

Every time they quarrel, Jane threatens to divorce.

每次他们一吵架，简就拿离婚来威胁。

(2)threaten sb. with sth.

We were threatened with the discharge if we didnt cooperate.

我们受到威胁如果不合作就会被炒鱿鱼。

(3)threaten sb./sth.

Its no use threatening me—I wont give in.

威胁我是没有用的，我不会屈服的。

(4)threaten that从句

He is threatening that if the manager doesnt do it in his way, he will resign. 他威胁到经理若不能按照他的方式来做的话，他将辞职。

Unit 18

4. beyond prep.

基本意义与用法：

(1)“（场所）在（向）……的一边；越过”。如：

Go about 100 metres beyond the bridge, and you will find the school on the right. 越过桥后，大约走100米，你就会在右方发现学校所在。

(2)“（程度）超出……的范围；非……不可及”。如：

The light switch was beyond the childs reach.

那电灯开关孩子是摸不到的。

(3)“（时间）迟于；过了……以后”。如：

The disco party went on until beyond midnight.

迪斯科舞会持续到半夜之后。

(4) “除……之外，……以外（用在否定句，疑问句中）”。如：

I cant tell you anything beyond what you know already.

除了你知道的以外，我无可奉告。

习惯用语表达：

1. beyond belief/doubt/recognition“难以置信/毫无疑问/认不出来”

2. be beyond sb. “对某人来说太难了”

3. Its beyond me why/what从句 “我无法理解”

考题：

1. Its quite ____ me why such things have been allowed to happen.（2006安徽卷）

A. for B. behind C. against D. beyond

2. ——Can he take charge of the computer company?（2006四川卷）

——Im afraid its ____ his ability.

A. beyond B. within C. of D. to

5. settle vt./vi.

基本词义与用法：

(1)vt. settle+n./wh-从句/to do/that从句等，表“决定”的意思。如：

It was settled that Jim would visit us on the weekend.

已经确定了吉姆周末将来看我们。

(2)vt. 表“调停（争端等）；解决（问题，纠纷等）；收拾；处理等”。如：settle a quarrel/argument/dispute等。

(3)vi./vt.表“（某人）定居（于某处）；使（某人）定居；居住；使稳定；移民”。如：

After returning from abroad they settled in Shanghai.

从国外回来后，他们就在上海定居了。

拓展：

1. settle down “停止讲话；（使）安静下来；使安顿下来；定居”

2. settle for “（勉强）接受；（将就着）同意”

3. settle in/into “（使）适应（新的家；工作；环境等）”

4. settle up “付清欠帐；结清帐单”

5. settle down to sth. “开始专心于（工作；活动等）；着手认真做（某事）”

考题：

We have no TV and have had to ____ hearing the news on the radio.

A. settle down B. settle up C. settle in D. settle for

6. turn to

动词短语，“转到；转向”的意思， 其中to是介词，后接名词或动名词。如：

Now we can turn our attention to enlarging our farming area.

现在我们可以把注意力转到扩大我们的耕地面积上来。

Our talk soon turned to his part as an old soldier.

我们谈话很快转到他扮演的老士兵的事上来了。

turn to也可表示“向……寻求帮助；翻到；查阅”的意思。如：

The designers again turned to the workers for advice.

设计人员再次向工人请教。

拓展：

1. turn back “折回；掉转头”

2. turn down “调低（机器的热度，音量等）；拒绝（提议；请求；邀请等）；关小”

3. turn off“关上（自来水，煤气等的）开关；关闭（电视机，电灯等）”

4. turn on“打开；启动”

5. turn out “证明是；结果是；原来是”

6. turn over “把（犯人）交给（警方等）；把（所有权）交给（某人）；交托（某人）负责（某事）；营业额达到”。

考题：

1. With no one to ____ in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.（2006陕西卷）

A. turn to B. turn on C. turn off D. turn over

2. Shes having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesnt know whom to ____. （2007重庆卷）

A. turn to B. look for C. deal with D. talk about

7. compare

基本用法：

(1)vt.“比较；相比；比喻；比作”。如：

The report compares the different types of home computer currently available. 这份报告比较了目前可以买到的不同种类的家用电脑。

(2)compare sth. to/with…“把……与……相比”。如：

There is nothing to compare with a nice cold drink when you get home after work.

下班回家后，没有什么能比得上喝一杯可口的冷饮更舒服的了。

(3)compared to/with“（在尺寸、数量、质量上）与……相比”。如:

Compared to our small apartment, our uncles house seemed like a palace. 跟我们的小房子比起来，叔叔的房子就像宫殿一样。

(4)compared sb./sth. to…“把……比作”。如：

Compared to the rising sun, the young people have a promising future. 比作是初升的太阳的年轻人有着美好的未来。

考题：

1. When ____ different culture, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. （2006浙江卷）

A. compared B. being compared

C. comparing D. having compared

2. ____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all.（2004湖北卷）

A. Compare B. When comparing

C. Comparing D. When compared