倒装考点归纳

2009-04-09 10:01籍万杰
青苹果·教育研究版 2009年3期
关键词:助动词句首副词

籍万杰

一、全部倒装

全部倒装是表示地点(方位)的副词或者介词短语在句首引起的。结构为“地点副词或介词+谓语+主语+其他成分”。常见的结构有:

1.用在“there/here/now/then+不及物动词+主语”的句型中,或用在以in,out,down,up,away等副词开头的句子里,表示强调。例如:

There goes the bell.

Now comes your turn.

Out rushed the boy with an apple in his hand.

注意:当句子的主语是人称代词时,尽管副词位于句首,主谓语序不倒装。例如:

Out they rushed.

Here he comes.

2.表示方位意义的介词短语或副词短语位于句首作状语且谓语动词为be或表示“位于、存在”的动词或“位置移动”的单个不及物动词时。例如:

From the valley came a frightening sound.

South of the city lies a chemical factory.

(2006年四川卷)At the foot of the mountain ______.

A.a village lie B.lies a village C.does a village lie D.lying a village key:B

3.作表语的形容词、分词、介词短语放在句首时。例如:

Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.

Present at the meeting were Professor White and many other guests.

二、部分倒装

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

1.当“so(such)...that...”结构中的so或such位于句首时,构成部分倒装句。

(2008年上海卷)So much of interest ______ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.

A.offers?摇BeijingB.Beijing offers

C.does Beijing offer D.Beijing does offer key:C

2.由so,neither,nor开头的句子,表示重复前面句子的部分意思(肯定用so,否定用neither或nor),当前后两句的主语不同时,该替代句式要部分倒装。

①(2008年辽宁卷)Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason,and ______.

A.I was neitherB.neither was IC.I was eitherD.either was I key:B

②(2007年江苏卷)—My room gets very cold at night.

—______.

A.So is mine B.So mine is C.So does mine D.So mine does key:C

3.当具有否定意义的词或词组(no,not,never,nowhere,hardly,scarcely,rarely,seldom,

little,by no means,in no case,at no time等)位于句首时,要用部分倒装,这是近年来高考测试的热点。

①(2007年上海卷)—How was the televised debate last night?

—Super!Rarely ______ so much media attention.

A.a debate attractedB.did a debate attract

C.a debate did attractD.attracted a debate key:B

②(2007年安徽卷)Little ______ that we were watching his every move,so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.

A.he realizedB.he didnt realize

C.didnt he realize D.did he realize key:D

4.某些连词,如由not only...but(also)...,hardly...when...,no sooner...than...等开头连接句子时,第一个分句的主谓要部分倒装。

①(2006年天津卷)—Did Linda see the traffic accident?

—No,no sooner ______ than it happened.

A.had she goneB.she had gone

C.has she gone D.she has gone key:A

②(2004年上海卷)______ snacks and drinks,but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.

A.Not only they broughtB.Not only did they bring

C.Not only brought theyD.Not only they did bring key:B

注意:not until引导的从句位于句首时,not until的从句不倒装,主句倒装。

(2008年陕西卷)Not until the motorbike looked almost new ______ repairing and cleaning it.

A.he stopped B.did he stop C.stopped he D.he did stop key:B

5.only位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时,要用部分倒装。only修饰状语从句时,主句倒装,从句不倒装;only修饰的不是状语从句时,则不用倒装语序。

①(2008年江苏卷)______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.

A.Only if;will you B.Only if;you will

C.Unless;will youD.Unless;you will key:A

②(2008年江西卷)It was announced that only when the fire was under control ______ to return to their homes.

A.the residents would be permitted

B.had the residents been permitted

C.would the residents be permitted

D.the residents had been permitted key:C

6.当as引导让步状语从句时,可用“名词/形容词/副词/分词+as+主语+动词”或“动词+as+主语+助动词”的倒装形式。

①(2007年重庆卷)______,his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.

A.Strange as might it soundB.As it might sound strange

C.As strange it might soundD.Strange as it might sound key:D

②(2005年广东卷)______,Carolina couldnt get the door open.

A.Try as she might B.As she might try

C.She might as tryD.Might she as try key:A

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