维纳博艮特别奖：流明艺术——光之屋，普拉，克罗地亚

建筑设计：鲁桑建筑师事务所

维纳博艮特别奖：流明艺术
——光之屋，普拉，克罗地亚

建筑设计：鲁桑建筑师事务所

1 夜景/Night view

在沿偏远海岸线蜿蜒的韦鲁达路上，这座明亮的白色建筑是一道令人惊喜的风景。这里离开港口城市普拉并不太远，坐落在前南斯拉夫的公寓大楼街区、海军营地、历史村落、葡萄酒庄园和许多松树与芦苇之间，戴安·斯基拉就把他的公司总部安置在这里，其古怪的形状犹如一枚水晶。斯基拉是一位照明设计师，也是流明艺术公司的总裁——该公司是克罗地亚照明行业中的佼佼者，同时也是一间为建筑与城市空间进行照明设计的创新实验室。这座建筑旨在反映其公司的理念及其在照明与建筑领域积累多年的经验，与此同时，也通过特别明晰的空间组织关系与一间间光照充足的教室设计，满足了他本人的特别要求。不仅建筑的外表皮是白色的，室内也同样如此，任何形式的投影效果都很理想。只有斯基拉的办公室光线稍弱，那里能俯瞰芦苇丛与港湾。

即使整个建筑只是一个放置在基座上的立方体，一座功能明确的建筑，并在某种意义上，是一个室内外由饰面陶土砖构成的容器，流明艺术也是一座震撼人心的建筑。这座砖砌建筑的核心是内外壳体的结构，这两者都是独立发挥作用的要素。在克罗地亚，砖砌建筑有着悠久的历史。这种材料形成的室内环境比混凝土的效果更出色。建筑师安德里亚·鲁桑也是第一次亲手建造了他的第一座陶土砖建筑。

斯基拉已经完成了建筑核心部分的所有平面与室内设计；他所需要的只是建筑外壳的设计。所以他请来了鲁桑，一位来自萨格勒布（南斯拉夫北部城市——译者注）的建筑师，他们已有多年的合作关系。对创造性工作的共同热爱把这对好友密切地联系在一起。在达尔马提亚的一艘渡船上，自然而然地产生了这座建筑的夸张造型。在从斯普利特到赫瓦尔岛的旅途中，斯基拉与鲁桑进行了激烈的争论。不久之后，鲁桑在一家餐厅里，用一条黄色的餐巾，以草图的形式描绘了他的想法。几分钟之内，就出现了这个水晶形状的建筑草图。它本可以有许多种可能的形式，但这两人都对这种特殊的形式感到满意，它深深触动了斯基拉的审美要求，鲁桑似乎在某种程度上变成了高级时装的设计师。他的设计非常狂野，倾斜的角度和古怪的造型，让建筑变成为“真正的女人”所拥有的一袭长裙，可与专为歌剧女主角设计的服装相媲美。鲁桑现在把流明艺术算作最令自己满意的项目之一。

水晶般的建筑形式展现了鲁桑的建筑理念，即以特殊的风格完成设计（建造）任务，并通过汲取灵感和最大程度追求艺术自由来形成创造性的方案。然而，要把这个想法转变为必要的几何形状并非易事，但这对好友通过努力实现了它。光是能量的隐喻。流明艺术的建筑表明，光线折射的物理特征在这里得到了体现，并通过对结构进行严谨地几何组织——即核心/立方体和表皮/水晶，在视觉上得到放大。这座建筑像一位自由奔放的歌剧女主角，向这位古怪的客户和富于创造力的照明设计师致敬。（徐知兰 译）

On Veruda Road, a long winding coastal roadway, the bright white building is a surprising sight. Here, not far from the harbour of Pula and amidst apartment blocks of the former Yugoslavia, naval barracks, historicist villas, vineyards, pines and reeds, Dean Skira has placed his crystalshaped company headquarters. Skira is a lighting designer and the head of Lumenart, Croatia's leading lighting company and an innovative laboratory for architectural and urban lighting design. The building needed to reflect his company philosophy and long years of experience with light and architecture. He insisted it be characterized by clear spatial arrangements and rooms bathed in light. The outer skin is white, as are the interiors -ideal for projections of all kinds. Only Skira's office, overlooking nearby reeds and the marina, is subtly dimmed.

Even if it is a simple cube on a plinth, a functional container of clay blocks clad inside and out, Lumenart is a striking building. The building's brick core is the structure for the head quarter's inner and outer shells, both of them autonomous elements. In Croatia, building with brick has a long tradition. The material creates a healthier indoor climate than concrete does. Architect Andrija Rusan, built his first house out of clay blocks, with his own hands.

Skira had all the plans for the building core and the interiors finished. All he needed was a design for the building's shell. So he called Rusan, a Zagreb-based architect with whom he has worked for years. The close friends are bound by their common love of creative work and the building's extravagant shape was born spontaneously from a lively discussion they had while travelling on a Dalmation ferry travelling between Split and Hvar. In a restaurant soon afterwards, Rusan sketched his idea on a yellow serviette. The drawing of the crystal shape was done in minutes. It could have looked any number of ways, but both men were happy with the form which answered Skira's aesthetic demands and turned Rusan into a sort of couturier. Wild, angled and eccentric, his design was a gown for "a true woman", a dress for a diva. Rusan now counts Lumenart among his favourite projects.

The crystal form demonstrates Rusan's architectural philosophy. He approaches every building task with relish, generating creative solutions with inspiration and a sense of artistic freedom. To turn the idea into the required geometric shapes was not easy, but the friends pulled it off. Light is a metaphor for energy. Lumenart suggests that the physical characteristics of light refraction made manifest and magnified by the geometric arrangement of structures - core/ cube and skin/crystal. This wild diva plays homage to an eccentric client and an innovative lighting designer.

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client: 戴安·斯基拉，流明艺术/Dean Skira, Lumenart

建设周期/Construction Period: 2005 - 2012

使用面积/Usable Floor Area: 665m²

建筑用途/Building's Purpose: 公司总部/Company headquarters

用砖类型/Brick Type: 粘土砖/Clay blocks

摄影/Photos: Wienerberger AG/Damir Fabijanic

2 外景/Exterior view

3 夜景/Night view

评论

张雷：这是一幢位于克罗地亚普拉的照明公司的办公楼，它的中心是普通的砖和混凝土结构，室外和室内则与中心空间结构相对独立，不反应建造逻辑而有其自主的特性。在地中海强烈的阳光下，深凹的窗洞形成深邃的阴影，其平面类似欧洲厚重的传统砌筑结构，但超白、超厚的不规则水晶体造型则表达了其反传统的独特标志性，而所有这一切都是在简单的建造技术和严格控制的造价下实现的。

鲍威：此案在现代主义方盒子基础上包裹了一个粘土块构成的厚墙系统。有别于传统石材（如中世纪防御型建筑的洞口）或者现代的混凝土（如柯布的朗乡教堂的采光窗），此厚墙系统独立于结构系统而存在。如同文丘里的“鸭子”，只不过具象的写实变为自由建筑形体的抽象表达，营造了立面上戏剧性的光影效果。由于脱离了结构的束缚，在获得充分表现力的同时，具有伪装的欺骗性。

Comments

ZHang Lei: This is an office building for a lighting company located in Pula, Croatia. It has a simple core of brick and concrete. Its interior and exterior space are autonomous parts, independent from its core and not reflective of its construction logic. Deeply carved windows create shadow under the strong Mediterranean sunlight. Its plan is easily reminiscent of traditional European masonry structures. But the white, thick and irregular crystal shape is purposefully unique, a symbol of invention rather than tradition. Everything is realized using simple construction technology and strict cost control.

BaO Wei: This project is best identified as a clay block poche system wrapped around a modern brick box. However, as opposed to traditional stone material used in medieval defensive structures or the modern concrete in Le Corbusier's Chapel de Ronchamp, this system is independent of the main building structure. When compared to Venturi's duck, it's clear it is abstract architectural expression rather than a literal quotation. It is liberated from structural constraints and achieves unprecedented formal freedom but may yet be deceptive.

4 外景/Exterior view

4

Wienerberger Special Prize Winner: Lumenart - House of Light, Pula, Croatia, 2012

Architects: Rusan arhitektura

5 入口/Entrance

6 剖面/Section

7 平面/Floor plan

8 内景/Interior view

10 夜景/Night view

9 平面/Floor plan