VR创变：建筑方案可视化的未来

VR创变：建筑方案可视化的未来

VR ARCHITECTURAL VISUALISATION: FROM ILLUSION TO REALITY

One of the biggest criticisms that today’s architects face is “what is shown is unreal” and “the diff i culty of project control”. Specif i cally, it involves overall planning, resources integration, visualization and platform construction. VR (Virtual Reality) technology can create an immersive experience both in time and space. As VR technology continues to evolve, a revolution may be in the making in the architecture industry.

Text and photos by Ozzie Au Translation by Leo Model: Laura Caro

“It is just an ordinary morning in 2020. After washing up, architect Laura puts on a pair of VR goggles and begins to work. ”“在2020年平凡的一个清晨里，建筑师Laura洗漱完毕，戴上VR眼镜，开始了一天的工作。”

目前建筑设计行业最大的痛点在于“所见非所得”和“工程控制难”。其难点具体表现在统筹规划、资源整合、具象化联系和平台构建。而VR技术恰能为观者提供身临其境般的“空间感”和“现场感”。随着VR技术的逐步发展突破，建筑学很可能因此产生新的创变。

“Architectural expression” is an important part of the architectural design process. Due to the complexity of hand sketches, architects often present a design in 3D renderings and animations. However, gaps exist between architects and the general audience in terms of the expression, communication and understanding of information. Therefore, the conventional approach to architectural expression has substantial limitations. In contrast, VR technology can render complex and abstract design ideas into tangible objects, which are presented in an immersive environment that clients can virtually experience, enabling them to understand exactly what architects have in mind. This experience also enables clients to move through the exteriors and interiors of the space or make suggestions based on their observations.

VR gives architects a more intuitive sense of the scale of each scene in comparison to themselves, enables them to have a clearer idea of the visual effect of facade materials viewed from different angles, and allows them to experience the change of light and shade over the course of one day so that they can fi netune their architectural designs.

“建筑表现”，也就“成果表达”，是设计中最重要的环节之一。由于设计图纸带有很强的专业性，方案的展示通常采用“效果图加动画”来表现。然而，大部分人与建筑设计师之间依然存在信息表达、传递和理解上的障碍，因此传统方式实际上有很大的局限性。相比之下，VR可以将复杂、抽象的设计通过视觉形式表现出来，使其变成可见的环境物体，为甲方和业外人士提供最直观的方案体验，更直接地了解设计师的想法。同时，虚拟现实中的漫游，可以让用户自由变换位置和视角，随时修改观察。

而对建筑设计师来说，VR可以帮助他们更直观地体验到方案中每个场景的空间尺度感，以及不同地点建筑立面材料的给人的视觉感，身临其境的感知一天中光影的变化，来达到做出对方案更好的把控与营造。

FUTURE DEVELOPMENT FOR ARCHITECTURAL VISUALIZATION:

Stage 1: VR technology to experience reality

At the current stage of its development, VR technology can only help create a different visual experience. VR gives architects a more intuitive sense of the scale of each scene in comparison to themselves, enables them to have a clearer idea of the visual effect of facade materials viewed from different angles, and allows them to experience the change of light and shade over the course of one day. In turn, this gives them a better position to fi netune their architectural designs. By creating virtual, real-scale building plan models that clients can virtually experience, the architects enable clients to understand how a space will look and feel before constructing it.

Stage 2: VR technology to create reality

Touchability will be achieved at this stage. Architects will be able to control, through instructions, the translation of their minds into VR experience, including the control of VR scenes, the control of the shape of built objects and adjustments to facade materials. At this stage, VR will completely replace traditional architectural drawing software.

Stage 3: Virtual as reality

Where there is a thought, there is reality. The ultimate limit of VR technology advancement that we can predict so far is the achievement of mindcontrolled VR presentation, where equipment and space no longer pose restrictions and architects can even compare different design ideas side by side.

However, no matter how far the explosion of VR technology will reach in future, it is human needs that they exist to satisfy. By then, the architects’role will be limited to providing support, service and coordination for clients as well as improving or properly guiding their thinking.

建筑设计方案可视化的未来发展阶段：

第一阶段：利用虚拟体验现实

在建筑设计的现阶段，VR可以带来的仅仅是视觉上的体验。可视化帮助建筑设计师更直观的体验到方案每个场景的空间尺度感，不同地点建筑立面材料的给人的视觉感，身临其境的感知一天中光影的变化，来达到做出对方案更好的把控与营造。而业外人士作为被展示者，也只能周转与每个设计场景，可见而不可及的方案体验。

第二阶段：虚拟实现现实

VR将逐步实现触感。设计师在VR体验中即可将自己的想法构思通指令控制VR实现，其控制范围包括对场景的把控、形体的控制、建筑立面材料的调节等。在这一阶段，VR将完全取代传统绘图软件。

第三阶段：虚拟即现实

有思考就有发生。目前可预测到的VR技术的极限发展是用思维控制VR进行展现。从此，VR将摆脱器械和演练空间的限制，设计师可将自己的多个想法进行横向对比。

然而，无论VR在未来如何爆炸和普及，也依然脱离不了人类而单独存在。届时，建筑设计的角色任务将仅限于作为甲方辅助、服务和协调的部分，完善和正确引领甲方思维。

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