中考英语总复习
——情景交际

2017-01-27 12:14湖北武汉邓杨周
中学生英语 2017年6期
关键词:问路用语火车站

湖北武汉 邓杨周

中考英语总复习
——情景交际

湖北武汉 邓杨周

情景交际是历年中考常考的内容,常涉及听力题、单项选择题、补全对话题等题型。通常是通过上下文情景设置来考查交际用语本身或者其它语法项目。同学们一定要熟悉日常交际用语及对话话题,尤其是英语教学大纲中要求的话题及常用习惯用语。要注意不要用中式思维来答题,应根据语言环境具体问题具体分析。现简要总结中考英语中常考的几种话题和交际用语如下:

一、提供帮助(Offering help)

1.Can I help you?(有什么能为您效劳吗?)

这是商店、饭店、书店等服务业的服务人员对顾客说的一句客套话。

类似的句型还有:

What can I do for you?

Is there anything I can do for you?

Anything I can do for you?

肯定回答(接受帮助):Yes,please.(是的。)

否定回答(拒绝帮助):No,thanks.I’m just looking around.(不了,谢谢。我只是随便看看。)

2.Here,take this seat please.(请坐。 )

3.Would you like some water?(您需要水吗?)

4.Let me take your bags.(我来帮你拿包。)

对2、3、4的肯定的回答(接受帮助)可以用:

Thanks.That would be nice.(谢谢。那样太好了。)

Thank you for your help.(感谢你的帮助。)

Yes,please.(是的。)

对2、3、4的否定的回答(拒绝帮助)可以用:

No,thanks.(不了,谢谢。)

That’s very kind of you,but I can do/manage it myself.(你太好了,不过我自己能搞定。)

二、问路(Asking the way)

向他人问路以及对于他人的问路的回复方式主要有以下几种:

1.—Where’s the train station,please?(请问火车站在哪?)

—It’s on the Bridge Street.(在大桥街。)

2.—Is there a bus stop/train station near here?(这附近有汽车站/火车站吗?)

—Yes,there is.(是的,这附近有。)

3.—Can you tell me the way to the post office?(能告诉我邮局怎么去吗?)

—Sure.Go down this street,and you’ll find it on your left.(当然。顺着这条街走,在这条路的左边。)

4.—How can I get to the train station?/Which is the way to the train station?(我该怎么去火车站?/去火车站走哪条路?)

—Sorry,I don’t know.I’m new here.(对不起,我不清楚。我第一次来这儿。)

三、邀请(Invitation)

1.用一般疑问句形式

(1)“Will/Would/Can/Could you come to...?”表示“请您来……好吗?”。在被邀请人接受的可能性较大的情况下使用。

例如:

Will you come to take part in my party?(你会来参加我的聚会吗?)

(2)Would you like+名词(代词)/不定式/sb.+不定式?

此句型表示“您愿意……吗?”或“你是否愿意……?”,此时邀请人不知对方是否接受邀请,是商量、询问及试探性的邀请、请求或表示个人的想法、看法。

例如:

—Would you like to go there with him?(你愿意与他一起去那儿吗?)

—Yes,I’d like/love to.(好的,我愿意。)

类似的肯定回答的表达方法有:

Yes,I’d be happy to.(好的,我很乐意。)

Yes,it’s very kind/nice of you to invite me.(好的,谢谢您邀请我。)

Yes,it’s very kind of you.(真是太好了,谢谢。)

2.用陈述句形式

I like sb.to do sth./I’d like you to come to...这是向某人发出邀请的常见句式。表示“希望(想叫)某人做某事”,常与would连用,是一种客气的邀请。

例如:

—I’d like to invite you to see a film with me.(我想请你和我一起去看电影。)

—I’d like/love to,but I’m very busy.(我很想,但我很忙。)

类似的委婉拒绝的表达方法有:

I’d love to...But I’m afraid...(我想去,但是恐怕……)

Thank you for inviting me./It’s very kind of you to invite me,but I’m busy.(谢谢你邀请我,但我很忙。)

四、就医问诊(Seeing the doctor)

1.Interrogation(问诊)

(1)—What’s wrong/the matter with you?=What’s your trouble?(你怎么了?)

—I’ve got a cough/cold/headache/a pain here.I don’t feel like eating anything.(我咳嗽/感冒了/头疼/这里疼。什么东西也不想吃。)

(2)—How long have you been like this?(你这样已经多久了?)

—Ever since two hours ago.(两小时前开始的。)

(3)—When did you get it?(你什么时候开始这样的?)

—Two hours ago.(两个小时以前。)

(4)Have you taken your temperature?(你查了体温吗?)

(5)Have you got a fever?(你发烧了吗?)

2.Examination(检查)

(1)Open your mouth and say“Ah”.(张开嘴,说“啊”。)

(2)Show me your tongue.(让我看看你的舌头。)

(3)Please lie on the bed.(请躺在床上。)

(4)Take it easy.(请放松。)

(5)Don’t be nervous.(别紧张。)

3.Treatment(治疗)

(1)Take this medicine three times a day according to the instructions.(看说明,每天服用该药三次。)

(2)I’ll give you an injection.(我给你打一针。)

(3)Drink some hot water with honey and stay in bed for two days.You’ll be well soon.(喝点热水,加点蜂蜜,在床上休息几天。你很快就会好起来的。)

五、询问别人的意见(Asking for other people’s opinion)

1.What do you think of+名词/代词/动词ing?

该结构的意思是“你认为……怎么样?”。常见的回答的方式有以下几种:

(1)—What do you think of Beijing Opera?(你认为京剧怎么样?)

—I can’t stand it.(我不能忍受它。)

(2)—What do you think of going to travel to Beijing?(你认为去北京旅游怎么样?)

—I don’t mind it.(我不介意。)

2.How do you like...?

该结构用来询问对方观点,与“What do you think of...?”意思相同。常见的回答的方式有以下几种:

(1)—How do you like this film?(你觉得这部电影怎么样?)

—It’s not too bad.(还可以。)

(2)—How do you like Chinese food?(你觉得中国菜怎么样?)

—Oh,I love it./I don’t like it.(哦,我爱吃。/我不喜欢。)

六、谈论天气(Talking about weather)

1.询问和谈及天气的常见方式有:

(1)How’s the weather in Wuhan?(武汉的天气怎么样?)

(2)What’s the weather like today?(今天是什么天气?)

(3)Lovely weather,isn’t it?(天气真好,不是吗?)

(4)What a cold/hot day today!(今天真冷/热啊!)

2.常见的回答方式有:

(1)It’s sunny/rainy/cloudy/windy/snowy/foggy.(晴天/雨天/阴天/有风/下雪/有雾。)

(2)It looks like rain.(好像要下雨。)

(3)It’s raining cats and dogs.(正下着倾盆大雨。)

(4)It seems to be cleaning up.(天似乎要转晴。)

(5)It’s snowing heavily.(正下着大雪。)

(6)The snow won’t last long.(雪不会下太长时间。)

七、请求允许(Asking for permission)

1.请求他人允许/许可的常见方式有:

(1)Can/Could I borrow you cellphone?I need to call my mum.(我可以借一下你的手机吗?我得给我妈打个电话。)

(2)May I try this coat on?(我可以试穿一下这件上衣吗?)

(3)Would you mind if I sit with you?(我可以跟你一起坐吗?)

(4)I wonder if I could take tomorrow off?Because I want to meet my parents at the airport.

(我明天可以请一天假吗,因为我要到机场去接我的父母。)

2.常见的肯定的回答方式有:

(1)Yes,please.(是的。)

(2)Sure.(当然。)

(3)Certainly.(可以。)

(4)That’s all right.(没关系。)

(5)Of course,you can.(当然,你可以。)

3.常见的否定的回答方式有:

(1)I’m sorry,it’s not allowed.(对不起,这是不允许的。)

(2)I’m afraid not.(恐怕不行。)

(3)You’d better not.(你最好不要。)

八、谈论喜好(Likes and dislikes)

1.询问喜好的主要方式:

(1)What kind of music do you like?(你喜欢什么样的音乐?)

(2)Why do you like this CD?(为什么你喜欢这个CD?)

(3)What’s your favorite sport?(你最喜欢的运动是什么?)

(4)Which do you prefer,fishing or mountain climbing?(钓鱼和登山你更喜欢那一个?)

2.表达自己的喜好:

(1)I like music that I can sing along with.(我喜欢能随着歌唱的音乐。)

(2)This music is great because you can dance to it.(这个音乐很棒,因为你可以随着它跳舞。)

(3)I like football best./Football is my favorite.(足球是我的最爱。)

(4)I enjoy listening to music.(我喜欢听音乐。)

3.谈论自己不喜欢的东西:

(1)She hates boxing。(她讨厌拳击。)

(2)The song is bad/awful.(这首歌太糟糕了。)

(3)I don’t like the movie at all.(我一点也不喜欢这部电影。)

(4)I hate to do homework.(我讨厌做作业。)

九、就餐(Having meals)

1.询问他人就餐的意见的主要方式:

(1)Would you like to have something to drink?(你想喝点儿什么吗?)

(2)How about a cup of tea?(来一杯茶怎么样?)

(3)What would you like(to eat/have)?(你想来(吃)点儿什么?)

2.表达自己的就餐意愿:

(1)I’d like a cup of coffee.(我想来杯咖啡。)

(2)Just a little,please.(请给我来一点。)

(3)I am so thirsty,do you have anything to drink?(我渴死了,你有什么喝的吗?)

(4)Can I have some more soup?(能给我再来点汤吗?)

(5)Thank you so much,I’m so full.(非常感谢,我吃的太饱了。)

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