金泽21世纪美术馆，石川，日本The 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan, 2004

建筑设计：妹岛和世 + 西泽立卫/SANAA

Architects: Kazuyo Sejima + Ryue Nishizawa / SANAA

金泽21世纪美术馆，石川，日本
The 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan, 2004

建筑设计：妹岛和世 + 西泽立卫/SANAA

Architects: Kazuyo Sejima + Ryue Nishizawa / SANAA

1 外景/Exterior view

金泽市位于日本北海岸，是一座历史城市。这座21世纪当代美术馆坐落在金泽中心，除了博物馆，还有图书馆、讲堂和儿童工坊等集会空间。公共空间与博物馆区域相互交融，意在用博物馆区域周围的公共空间激发潜在群体之间的交流。

场地将多种重要的城市功能聚集在一起。建筑采用圆形，不分前后，向四周敞开。展览区分为多个展厅，分布在流通空间之中。这种手法赋予每个展厅不同的特征，并创造出灵活的博物馆流线，形成在收张之间不断变幻的参观区。贯穿建筑的视廊又为分散的各个展厅营造出一种通透性和开敞感。走在曲形玻璃室外立面之中，场地的360o全景便徐徐展开。

展厅空间的比例各不相同，并带来了多种照明方式：从透过玻璃天花的明亮日光到无自然采光的空间。高度从4～12m不等。这个流通空间的材料和序列使它可以作为额外的展览区。4座全玻璃窗的内院各具特色，为建筑中央带来了充足的日照，并为公共区域和博物馆区营造出一个流动的边界。尽管面积很大，这座建筑仍让人感到明亮、通透、自由。□（尚晋 译）

Kanazawa is situated on the north coast of Japan, and is one of the nation's historical centres.The 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art sits in the centre of Kanazawa and in addition to museum spaces includes community gathering spaces, such as a library, lecture hall, and children's workshop. The intertwined public and museum zones are designed to provoke interaction between potential user groups, with the public spaces encircling the museum zones.

The site links together the diverse but equally important municipal functions surrounding it.Circular in form, the building has no front or back, opening it for exploration from all sides. The exhibition area is fragmented into numerous galleries that are all embedded in a fi eld of circulation space.This approach provides individual gallery spaces with different characteristics while creating flexible museum circulation that allows for a variety of expanded or contracted ticketed areas. The scattered bulk of the galleries also creates transparency and a feeling of openness marked by long vistas through the entire depth of the building. A walk just inside the curved glass of the exterior facade smoothly unfolds a 360 degrees panorama of the site.

Gallery spaces have various proportions and provide diverse lighting options; from bright daylight through glass ceilings to spaces without natural light.The heights range from four metres to twelve metres.The materiality and sequence of the circulation space is geared toward use as additional exhibition area.Four fully glazed internal courtyards, each unique in character, provide ample daylight at the centre of the building and a fl uent border between public zone and museum zone. Despite its size, the building feels bright, open, and free.□

2 总平面/Site plan

3 外景/Exterior view

4 平面/Plan

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client: 金泽市/City of Kanazawa

主要功能/Principal Use: 博物馆/Museum

设计团队/Design Team: Toshihiro Yoshimura, Yoshifumi Kojima, Koichiro Tokimori, Kansuke Kawashima, Tetsuo Kondo, Shoko Fukuya, Mizuki Imamura, Naoki Hori, Junya Ishigami, Erika Hidaka, Keizo Eki

结构设计/Structural Engineer: Sasaki Structural Consultants / (Mutsuro Sasaki, Yasutaka Konishi)

机械设计/Mechanical Engineer: ES Associates

电气设计/Electrical Engineer: P.T. Morimura & Associates, LTD停车场顾问/Parking Consultant: Central Consultant Inc.

景观设计/Landscape Design: Kazuyo Sejima + Ryue Nishizawa / SANAA

家具设计/Furniture Design: Kazuyo Sejima + Ryue Nishizawa / SANAA

承建商/Builder: Takenaka Corporation, Sumitomo Densetsu, Ams Corporation, Taikisha Ltd.

结构/Structure: 钢框架及钢筋混凝土/Steel frame and reinforced concrete

基地面积/Site Area: 26,010m2

占地面积/Building Area: 9379m2

总建筑面积/Total Floor Area: 27,920m2

摄影/Photos: SANAA

5 剖面/Sections

6 剖面/Sections

7 外景/Exterior view

8 内景/Interior views

评论

胡戎叡：建筑采用圆形平面，外围护结构的玻璃幕墙构成连续、匀质的界面，旨在通过在建筑与环境的关系上的去等级化，突出建筑对周边各方向平等对待的特性，这是该建筑最重要的特色之一。建筑师将4个入口均匀分布在4个方向上，也正是为了保证建筑在各个方向上都有很好的可达性。各入口大门都与周边幕墙界面平齐，且外观形象平和、不张扬，尽可能保持建筑圆形平面轮廓的完整性，减少对连续、匀质的幕墙界面的干扰。当然，在门洞宽度、有无雨罩、雨罩大小等方面，4个入口也存在一定的微差。这样，可以在确保总体形象完整的前提下具备一定的可识别性和方位感。范路：在金泽21世纪美术馆项目中，向四周敞开的圆形大体量，包裹了多种功能的小体量。这些小体量或方或圆，或高或低，或实或虚。它们聚集在一起，形成细腻丰富的空间关系，带来灵活多变的流线和收张变换的参观感受。建筑的入口设置也符合总体设计意图。占地面积近万平方米的美术馆只有4个不显眼的入口。这既保持了圆弧外形的完整性，也强调出：其一，内部空间体验才是重点；其二，尽管建筑外立面都是玻璃，但对场地的感知是以环绕圆弧立面的方式展开。

Comments

HU Rongrui: The circular plan of the building and the glass curtain wall of the exterior structure forms a continuous and even interface, aiming at eliminating the hierarchy in the relationship between the building and the environment, and highlighting the characteristics of the building's equal treatments to the surrounding areas in every direction. This is one of the most important features of the building. The architect arranged the four entrances evenly in four directions to ensure that the building has good accessibility from all directions. Each entrance door is aligned with the surrounding curtain walls, and looks plain and simple, so as to keep the integrity of the circular outline of the building as much as possible, and to reduce the interference to the continuous and even curtain wall interface. Of course, there are some slight differences between the four entrances on the width of the openings, the usage and sizes of the rain cover. In this way, a certain degree of recognition and orientation can be attained in the premise of ensuring the overall image integrity.(Translated by CHEN Yuxiao)

FAN Lu: In the project of 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art at Kanazawa, the building is circular in form, with a group of small blocks embedded in it. Those blocks that house different functions have square or circular shapes, four to twelve metres heights, solid or void appearance.Gathering together, they bring about flexible circulation and rich spatial perception. Then the entrance placement embodies architect's design intention. The museum has a building area of nearly 10 thousand square metres, but is furnished with four unobtrusive entrances. This arrangement emphasises: firstly, interior space experience is more important; and secondly, although the building facades are completely transparent, the feeling for the site is acquired surround the curved façade glass.

9 内景/Interior views

10 内景/Interior views