城市之光，点亮生活

本刊试题研究中心

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Imagine walking through an ancient city,then climbing a gate tower to take in a wonderful view of the city and its more than 600-year-old walls.You can hear the city's heartbeat in the air.This is the Ancient City of Pingyao in Shanxi Province,a place that should definitely be on your travel route if you enjoy history or ancient architecture since its origins can be traced back to more than 2,700 years ago.

Located in the center of Shanxi Province,Pingyao is the hometown of Jin merchants,a group of merchants who actively dominated(支配)a booming commodity market throughout China for more than 500 years,especially during the Ming and Qing dynasties.After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,the city's agriculture and manufacturing industries developed rapidly.Following China's reform and opening-up in the 1980s,Pingyao struggled with the transition from a managed economy to the current market-oriented economy.During this time,the city government sought out new ways to break through this economic bottleneck.

Finally,in the winter of 1997,an opportunity came knocking.Through the efforts of the city government,Pingyao earned its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List,which caused the entire world to take notice of the city.

Since the city's fame has risen,locals in Pingyao have deepened their understanding of the conservation efforts preserving the historical relics in their hometown.Meanwhile,the city administration has continued to upgrade itself through a strategy that follows the pillars of“conservation,entrepreneurship,development and protection”.

Currently,the city is focused on establishing a sustainable industry that will enable it to continue to grow while also protecting its relics and introducing them to the world.

1.What does the underlined word “transition”in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A.Translation. B.Spread. C.Range. D.Change.

2.What contributed to Pingyao's popularity around the world?

A.The city government's hard work.

B.The official recognition by the UNESCO.

C.The development of Pingyao's economy.

D.The ancient architecture in the city.

3.What measure is taken to further develop the city?

A.Combining economy with cultural protection.

B.Constructing more modern buildings.

C.Learning from other cities in the world.

D.Establishing manufacturing industries.

4.How is the text developed?

A.By giving examples. B.By following the time order.

C.By listing reasons. D.By raising questions.

B

The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850—1928).After immigrating from England to the USA,and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer,he moved to Chicago,where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871.In those days,it was nicknamed “the Garden City”,almost certainly the source of Howard's name for his later building plan of towns.Returning to London,Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s,drawing on ideas that were popular at the time,and creating a unique combination of designs.

The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place,dirty and crowded;but it offered economic and social opportunities.At the same time,the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive:though it promised fresh air and nature,it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条期)and it offered neither enough work and wages,nor much social life.Howard's idea was to combine the best of the town and country in a new kind of settlement,the garden city.Howard's idea was that a group of people should set up a company,borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside,which is far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.

Garden cities would provide a central public open space,radial avenues and connected industries.They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt,also owned by the company,containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions.As more and more people moved in,the garden city would reach its planned limit—Howard suggested 32,000 people;then,another would be started a short distance away.Thus,over time,there would develop a vast planned house collection,extending almost without limit;within it,each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs and services,and each would be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system,thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.

5.How did Howard get the name for his building plan of towns?

A.Through his observation of country life.

B.Through the combination of different ideas.

C.By taking other people's advice.

D.By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago.

6.The underlined phrase “drawing on” in paragraph 1 probably means _______.

A.making use of B.making comments on

C.giving an explanation for D.giving a description of

7.According to Howard,garden cities should be built ________.

A.as far as possible from existing cities

B.in the countryside where the land is cheap

C.in the countryside where agriculture is developed

D.near cities where employment opportunities already exist

8.What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?

A.The number of them would continue to rise.

B.Each one would continue to become larger.

C.People would live and work in the same place.

D.Each one would contain a certain type of business.

C

With over 4.1 billion people,or around 55 percent of the world's population,living in urban areas,cities and towns worldwide are getting increasingly jammed.In addition to spending hours stuck in traffic,residents are also exposed to high air pollution levels caused by transportation emissions(排放物).Now,Saudi Arabia hopes to overturn urban living with “The Line”—a futuristic city designed around nature,without cars,roads and crowded places!

The totally different city,announced on January 10,2021,is the brainchild of Saudi Crown Prince(王储)Mohammed bin Salman(MBS).Located in Neom,a 10,000-square-mile high-tech planned development on the Red Sea coast,The Line will be the base of MBS's Saudi Vision 2030.The strategic plan aims to diversify Saudi Arabia's oil-dependent economy into other fields,like tourism,and create exciting job opportunities for its citizens.

The 105-mile-long city,expected to cost between$100 billion and$200 billion,will be built along a straight line and comprise several self-sustaining communities.To ensure all services are within a short,five-minute walk,each community will feature a three-layer infrastructure(基础设施).There will be no cars or roads on the top “pedestrian layer” so residents can freely walk and bike in the surrounding green spaces.The second “service layer” will include all essential daily services,such as schools,medical clinics,leisure facilities,and grocery stores.The third “spine layer” will house ultrahigh-speed transportation and autonomous vehicles transporting residents across communities in less than 20 minutes.The entire city will be powered by renewable clean energy sources such as solar power and wind,and possibly even hydrogen.If all goes according to the plan,construction of this groundbreaking and complex infrastructure project will start before the end of 2021.In addition to providing up to a million residents with a clean and stress-free living environment,The Line is expected to create 380,000 new jobs,promote economic diversification,and contribute a shocking$48 billion to Saudi Arabia's Gross Domestic Product(GDP)by 2030.More importantly,MBS believes it will provide governments worldwide a blueprint for how people and the planet can co-exist in harmony.

9.Where can you purchase a bike if living in The Line?

A.The pedestrian layer. B.The service layer.

C.The spine layer. D.The green spaces.

10.Which of the following can best describe the project of The Line?

A.Widely-accepted. B.Ill-considered.

C.Risk-related. D.Mind-blowing.

11.What does MBS think is the most important effect of The Line?

A.Facilitating Saudi Arabia's economic diversification.

B.Offering a model of nature-man integration.

C.Boosting the government's finances.

D.Creating more job opportunities.

12.What might be the best title for the text?

A.Saudi Arabia's vision of environmental protection

B.The construction of The Line is underway

C.MBS:An influential leader of Saudi Arabia

D.MBS's vision of a futuristic low-carbon city

D

In its early history,Chicago had floods frequently,especially in the spring,making the streets so muddy that people,horses,and carts got stuck.An old joke that was popular at the time went like this:A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street.Asked if he needs help,he replies,“No,thanks.I've got a good horse under me.”

The city planner decided to build an underground drainage(排水)system,but there simply wasn't enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level.The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.

An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced me that the city had no choice but to build the pipes above the ground and then cover them with dirt.This raised the level of the city's streets by as much as 12 feet.

This,of course,created a new problem:dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago.Building owners were faced with a choice:either change the first floors of their buildings into basements,and change the second stories into main floors,or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level.Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily.But what about large,heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel,which was a six-story brick building?

That's where George Pullman came in.He had developed some house-moving skills successfully.To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel,Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews(螺旋起重机)beneath the building's foundation.One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews.At Pullman's signal,each man turned his jackscrews the same amount at the same time,thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.Astonishingly,the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation,and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening.Some people like to say that every problem has a solution.But in Chicago's early history,every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem.Now that Chicago's waste water is draining efficiently into the Chicago River,the city's next step is to clean the polluted river.

13.The author mentions the joke to show ________.

A.horses were fairly useful in Chicago

B.Chicago's streets were extremely muddy

C.Chicago was very dangerous in the spring

D.Chicago people were particularly humorous

14.The underlined word “hoist” in paragraph 4 probably means “________”.

A.change B.lift C.repair D.decorate

15.The passage is mainly about the early Chicago's ________.

A.popular lifestyles and their influences

B.environmental disasters and their causes

C.engineering problems and their solutions

D.successful businessmen and their achievements

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Impression of Chongqing

The freezing cold winter really prevents me from going to Beibei District,Chongqing.You really can't imagine how cold a southern city in China can be until you experience a winter there. ______16 However,while beneath three quilts(被子),I found it still first wet and then cold.Without the wetness,there would be no coldness,for which spicy(辛辣的)food has been popular since very long time ago.

__17__The hotness and wetness is really beyond imagination.While you are out,with shade everywhere but useless to prevent the high temperature,what you have to put up with is wetness and hotness._ __18__Among the famous spicy food,hotpot is the most preferred by both natives and newcomers from other provinces as well as foreign countries,as can be seen from the fact that Chongqing is an international city.

_19__As the home of beauties and bridges,it is also a charming city of mountains and rivers,among which I prefer the Jialing River with its green water running smoothly.

People there are very kind,especially the old people enjoying a comfortable life either in the shade of trees swinging their fans or playing chess on a square.Living in Chongqing is not a bad choice. _20_

A.Beauties in Chongqing are quite charming.

B.The steaming hot summer prevents me from going there,too.

C.The winter in Chongqing is pretty cold,which is beyond my imagination.

D.All in all,what I have experienced there really leaves me a deep impression.

E.Although it has disadvantages,Chongqing has many advantages over other cities.

F.I still remember when I was at Southwest University,I had to keep warm with three quilts.

G.Ancestors in Chongqing were so intelligent that they knew spicy food could make the weather easy and enjoyable to tolerate.

第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It was a snowy day.I missed the friend who sat with me on winter evenings,talking about our experiences and thoughts in a true conversation.I had almost given up hope of finding another friend like that after I _21__to this city.I wanted to invite a woman I'd met only twice to come to share my dinner,__22__she lived an hour away,and it was snowing.I was sure she wouldn't ___23__to come.However,I decided to have a try.So I made the _24__.

“Don't feel you have to come if you don't want to.”

“Is it snowing?I have a __25__,and I'm in bed.I'll think about it later,if that's OK with you.” “Of course it is.And here are your _26__,if you decide to come.I've just been shopping,so I can _27__you macaroni and cheese or fresh vegetable salad.”

There was a ___28__for a moment.She was thinking.“Since I'm sick,not the macaroni and cheese.Too rich for a cold.I ___29__the vegetable,”she said. “Vegetables.If it's not snowing too hard.”

An hour before dinner,the phone rang.“I've _30__.I've been in bed all day.Looking forward to the vegetables.”I was _31__.An hour later,she _32__,holding a piece of chocolate.We sat by the fireplace,eating and chatting.The smell of the vegetables filled the house.And we _33__love,art and travels.Everything was warm and good.

As she left,she said,“Those vegetables were delicious.They kept me from ___34__I didn't choose macaroni and cheese.“Next time,” I promised.And I went inside,quite ___35__,because I knew that next time,I wouldn't feel sad anymore.

21.A.travelled B.drove C.moved D.rushed

22.A.or B.so C.but D.because

23.A.want B.refuse C.fail D.forget

24.A.mistake B.call C.report D.dinner

25.A.cold B.duty C.walk D.party

26.A.questions B.ideas C.efforts D.choices

27.A.offer B.lend C.tell D.teach

28.A.noise B.rest C.silence D.pity

29.A.pay for B.ask for C.eat up D.cut up

30.A.given in B.given up C.got up D.got back

31.A.happy B.interested C.bored D.afraid

32.A.waited B.finished C.stopped D.arrived

33.A.heard about B.talked about C.wrote about D.cared about

34.A.believing B.realizing C.regretting D.remembering

35.A.satisfied B.worried C.lonely D.tired

第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

What's the best way to overlook a beautiful city?If you find 36. _______(climb)a mountain tiring,there is another way that is more relaxing:taking a Ferris wheel(摩天轮)!

Ferris wheels sit 37. _______the middle of some great cities around the world.These tall,wide 38. _______(wheel)move round and round while carrying people.You can have such 39._______wonderful time,chatting 40. _______friends and enjoying a fantastic view under your feet.

The 41. _______(one)Ferris wheel was built in 1893 by American engineer George Ferris in Chicago,the US.The giant wheel shocked people.At that time,it was the largest single piece of steelworks that had ever been made.Ferris wheels 42. _______(quick)became tourist attractions.

Now,with many countries racing to build the tallest,greatest or coolest Ferris wheel,the big round wheels are becoming popular in amusement parks and carnivals.Here is one of the top Ferris wheels around the world.Would you try it?

With a height of 443 feet(about 135 m),the London Eye is the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe.It has enough space for 800 people on one turn and each car can carry as 43. _______(much)as 25 people.By taking it,visitors can get a 360-degree view of the Tower of London,Buckingham Palace and Big Ben.One complete turn 44. _______(take)30 minutes.The London Eye is at the center of the New 45. _______(year)celebrations,as bright,sparkling fireworks rain down from the wheel.

第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 （满分15分）

假定你是一名中学生李华，准备给学校的英语报投稿，阐明由于私家车的增加，空气污染和交通堵塞问题日益严重，强烈建议全校师生绿色出行。内容包括：

1.阐明现状；

2.提出建议；

3.表示期望。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结束语已为你写好。

第二节 (满分25分)

阅读下面材料，根据内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

The eight-year-old Carol lived with her father David,mother May and elder brother Rob.The little family happily lived in a beautiful village surrounded with beautiful nature.The village was at the foot of a mountain,with beautiful views of the snowy mountain.The family survived on growing seasonal plants and trees.Their life was totally surrounded by nature and beauty.

While they lived a very happy life,Carol did not love the beautiful atmosphere of the village.She really wanted to move into the city and enjoy the city life.She wanted to shop,move around the city,watch movies,and eat in fantastic restaurants and cafes.

However,there was hardly any chance that Carol's family moved to the city as they had everything in the village.

One day,Carol fell asleep during the early noon and she had a sound sleep.Of course,she had a strange dream.She saw her grandmother in her dream as a fairy and her deceased grandmother granted her a wish.Carol requested that she would like to enjoy the city life as she always desired.

Grandmother understood the desire of Carol,but still wanted to convince her that the peaceful village life was better than the city life.She told Carol,“Baby,you cannot have access to fresh fruits and vegetables from plants as you have at your home.You cannot breathe fresh air.You cannot play with animals.You can hardly find any trees.You will not find peace as you see here!Do you still want to go to the city?”

Without hearing the concerns,Carol asked her grandmother to grant the wish.Grandmother granted her wish but with a condition.Carol was told that she would only have 6 hours to spend in the city.Later,she would return to the village.Carol agreed.