川渝联手！打造内陆改革开放新高地

杨骏

1月4日，2022年第一个工作日。上午10时许，一个运载着硫化碱、硫化钾等货物的车队，驶入重庆团结村中心站，开始卸货装箱。

这些货物来自四川南风化工有限责任公司（以下简称“南风化工”）。从2021年起，该公司每天都会通过公路将货物从四川省眉山市运到重庆，再由西部陆海新通道转运至东南亚。

一家四川企业，为何要选择在重庆发运货物？

加速融入西部陆海新通道建设

南风化工经营元明粉、硫化碱、硫化钾、芒硝矿等化工产品，年出货量30万吨左右。因为紧挨岷江，此前主要通过江海联运把货物出口到东南亚。

但新冠肺炎疫情让这条运输线路“扯拐”了。南风化工相关负责人表示，特别是2021年，上海港口拥堵，货物运输时间较长，给企业带来较大压力。

寻找新的货运线路时，南风化工瞄准了西部陆海新通道。他们发现，如果走西部陆海新通道铁海联运班列，根本不用担心长江拥堵、枯水、洪峰等问题，稳定性能够得到保证。

像南风化工这样通过西部陆海新通道出口的四川企业还有很多。位于南充的四川嘉福纺织有限公司就是一家，2021年该公司就已经通过西部陆海新通道铁海联运班列运输了上千个集装箱的货物。

四川嘉福纺织有限公司主要生产麻布等织物，主要出口东南亚国家。该企业相关负责人介绍，2021年，海运舱位紧缺，货物滞留港口时间较长，客户投诉不断。再三权衡后，他们选择了西部陆海新通道铁海联运班列。以前，他们的货物从重庆至上海江运需要11天，而现在从重庆至钦州港，只需要2天左右。目前，这家公司已经通过西部陆海新通道开启常态化运输。

“在成渝地区双城经济圈建设的推动下，不少四川企业把目光投向西部陆海新通道。”重庆市政府口岸物流办主任巴川江介绍，2021年，重庆通过西部陆海新通道运输货物11万标箱，货值183亿元，其中有四成货物来自四川。

另一方面，西部陸海新通道已经形成了“13+1”（西部所有省区市、海南省、广东省湛江市）共建机制。在成渝地区双城经济圈建设的推动下，四川一些市州也主动加入到西部陆海新通道的建设中来。

2021年12月，重庆四川党政联席会议第四次会议上，四川省口岸物流办主任吴舸表示，四川将加速融入西部陆海新通道建设。巴川江表示，重庆和四川正在积极磋商，将积极推动四川加入到西部陆海新通道跨区域合作平台中来。

2021年中欧班列（成渝）开行数量位居全国第一

如果说川渝共建西部陆海新通道是互惠共赢，那两地在中欧班列上的合作，则是强强携手。

川渝共建的中欧班列品牌，综合竞争力一直位居全国前列。2021年前，两地累计开行中欧班列14000列，占全国开行总量40%以上。

2021年1月1日，同一时间、不同地点，重庆与成都开出两趟中欧班列，它们共同使用了“中欧班列（成渝）”这一称谓，全国首个两地合作开行的中欧班列品牌由此诞生。

在全国众多中欧班列还在“各自为政”时，重庆和成都选择了携手并行，并制定了“三步走”的蓝图。

第一步是共同以中欧班列（成渝）为品牌，在宣传、打造、推广方面形成合力，将其打造成为全国中欧班列第一品牌，提高其国际影响力。

第二步，是探索高效的运行机制，如建立统一的价格联盟，通过共商共议开展线路、场站、口岸、集装箱等资源共享，创新开展行业标准化建设等。

第三步，是围绕“通道带物流、物流带经贸、经贸带产业”的理念，在中欧班列全面合作的基础上，深化多个通道的合作，扩大川渝两地国际物流大通道影响力和品牌力，促进两地通道与物流、贸易、产业的融合发展。

数据显示，2021年，中欧班列（成渝）开行数量超过4800列，位居全国第一。

铁路运输上的合作如火如荼，水运方面的合作也没落下。“在成渝地区双城经济圈建设的框架下，果园港和宜宾港的合作也在不断深入。”重庆两江新区相关负责人介绍，目前，宜宾港已经有90%的货物选择在果园港进行中转。

不只宜宾，截至目前，果园港已开通至四川泸州、广元等6条水水中转航线，实现了长江上游干线的航线全覆盖。2021年9月，果园港还与成都经开区签订协议，将共同建设成都无水港。届时，从成都经开区经果园港公水联运至上海的集装箱，货运时间可节约8天，货物周转率提升40%，为企业降低物流成本10%以上。

事实上，成渝地区双城经济圈建设启动以来，川渝两地在多个开放领域都在积极合作。

作为两地开放平台和开放门户，重庆两江新区和四川天府新区通过“云连线”、面对面座谈、调研考察等方式，积极推进合作。在两大新区第三次联席会议上，双方确立了重点推动汽车、电子、创新、会展、金融、数字经济、总部经济、生物医药8大产业旗舰联盟建设，助力成渝地区构建现代产业体系。

自贸试验区合作方面，2021年4月，川渝两地自贸区法院共同签署了《川渝自贸区知识产权司法保护合作备忘录》，联合发布了《知识产权纠纷行为保全申请指引（试行）》《知识产权纠纷行为保全审查指引（试行）》以及《川渝自贸区知识产权司法保护典型案例》。目前两地自贸区法院已经建立起了跨域立案、远程庭审、异地执行、远程线上调解等多项合作机制。

六个方面进一步深化川渝合作

2021年10月，中共中央、国务院印发《成渝地区双城经济圈建设规划纲要》（以下简称“《规划纲要》”），从加快构建对外开放大通道、高水平推进开放平台建设等6个方面对川渝两地联手打造内陆改革开放高地，提出了新的要求。

中央有部署，川渝有行动。2021年12月，川渝两地联合印发了《重庆四川两省市贯彻落实〈成渝地区双城经济圈建设规划纲要〉联合实施方案》（以下简称“《实施方案》”），对《规划纲要》从6个方面进行了细化，并提出了具体举措。

比如在開放大通道上，川渝两地明确，要加密开行四川、重庆至北部湾出海口的西部陆海新通道铁海联运班列，开拓中欧班列（成渝）中、东通道，开通往返主要港口的“水上穿梭巴士”和铁水联运班列等。

在开放平台上，川渝两地提出，要建设川渝自贸试验区协同开放示范区，以重庆两江新区、四川天府新区为重点，优先布局国家重大战略项目、试点示范项目，创建内陆开放型经济试验区，打造内陆开放门户等。

在营造国际一流营商环境方面，川渝两地提出要实行“市场准入异地同标”受理办理，推动政务服务一体化平台互联互通互认，推行“天府通办”“渝快办”，实现“一网通办”。

事实上，在联手打造内陆开放高地的诸多领域，川渝已经展开合作，并取得丰硕成果。其中，川渝自贸试验区协同开放示范区已经实现了“六个协同”。重庆市商务委相关负责人称，围绕目标、领域、政策、产业、机制和时序6个方面，两地协同已经取得了很多成效。以领域协同为例，双方联合签署金融合作备忘录，并开展外汇管理改革创新、外汇监管互认。

公共服务领域的合作，两年以来，两江新区与天府新区的政务大厅已互设“川渝通办”窗口，全面上线“川渝通办”事项，打通两地企业登记注册系统。

展会方面，2021年5月，在重庆举行的第三届西洽会上，四川在重大项目集中签约仪式上签约两个项目，协议投资额110.2亿元;同年9月，重庆组织代表团参与在四川成都举行的第十八届西博会，并在经济合作项目签约仪式上签约3个重点项目，金额110亿元。

January 4 is the first working day of 2022. Around 10 a.m.， a fleet of trucks arrived at Tuanjiecun Railway Station and unloaded the freight， including alkali sulfate and potassium sulfate.

The freight owner is Sichuan Nanfeng Chemical Co.， Ltd. （hereinafter referred to as “Nanfeng Chemical”）. Since 2021， the company has kept a daily routine of transporting goods from Sichuan’s Meishan to Chongqing and forwarding them to Southeast Asia via the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor （ILSTC） in western China.

What is the story behind the shipping in Chongqing by a Sichuan-based company？

Rapid engagement in the ILSTC construction

Nanfeng Chemical mainly produces chemicals， such as anhydrous sodium sulfate， alkali sulfate， potassium sulfate， and mirabilite， with an annual shipment of about 300，000 tons. Closing to the Minjiang River， the company was used to exporting goods to Southeast Asia through a combined river-sea transport.

However， the transport route failed due to the COVID-19 outbreak. According to a relevant person in Charge， especially in 2021， the congestion in Shanghai port and overlong transportation time brought great pressure to Nanfeng Chemical.

As a result， the company turned its eyes to the ILSTC in western China. The company found that the rail-sea combined transport via the ILSTC can keep the freight from obstacles such as the congested Yangtze River， low water， and flood peak， ensuring stable transportation.

In addition to Nanfeng Chemical， many enterprises from Sichuan selected the ILSTC as the export route. Take Sichuan Jiafu Textile Co.， Ltd. as an example. In 2021， the Nanchong-based company had shipped more than a thousand containers by rail-sea transport train on the ILSTC.

The company specializes in the production of fabrics represented by gunny cloth and their export to Southeast Asian Countries. A person in charge said due to the shortage of shipping containers in 2021， the freight was detained in the port for an overlong time， resulting in continuous complaints from the clients. The company considered enough to choose the rail-sea freight trains on the ILSTC. Early on， it took 11 days to ship the freight from Chongqing to Shanghai by river transport. Now， the transportation time is reduced to only two days from Chongqing to Qinzhou Port. The company resumes normal transportation through the ILSTC.

“Promoted by the development of Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle， many enterprises from Sichuan pay their attention to the ILSTC.” Ba Chuanjiang， Director of Chongqing Port and Logistics Office， said. In 2021， Chongqing transported 110，000 TEUs through the ILSTC， with a value of 18.3 billion yuan， of which 40% of the goods were from Sichuan.

Moreover， a “13+1” （All western provincial-level regions， Hainan， and Zhanjiang） joint development mechanism of the ILSTC has been established. Under the policy of building the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle， some cities and autonomous prefectures in Sichuan also took the initiative to construct the ILSTC.

In December 2021， the fourth session of the Chongqing-Sichuan Party and Government Joint Meeting was held. Wu Ge， Director of Sichuan Port and Logistics Office， introduced Sichuan’s plan for rapid engagement in the ILSTC construction. According to Ba Chuanjiang， Chongqing and Sichuan are in a negotiation to promote Sichuan’s participation in the cross-regional cooperation platform for ILSTC.

China-Europe freight trains from Chengdu， Chongqing see China’s most trips in 2021

Sichuan and Chongqing obtain a win-win by jointly developing the ILSTC. Furthermore， their collaboration in China-Europe Railway Express is a cooperation between giants.

The business of China-Europe Railway Express in Sichuan and Chongqing has always ranked first in China. As of 2021， 14，000 China-Europe freight trains had departed from Chongqing and Sichuan， accounting for more than 40% of the total departures of China-Europe freight trains in China.

On January 1， 2021， two China-European freight trains departed from Chongqing and Chengdu at the same time. The two cities jointly used the title of “China-European Railway Express （Chengdu-Chongqing）”， which is the first brand of China-European Railway Express operated by two regions in China.

While other cities operate their China-Europe freight trains independently， Chongqing and Chengdu have chosen to work together and have developed a “three-step” blueprint.

The first step is for both sides to jointly use the China-Europe Railway Express （Chengdu&Chongqing） as the brand and form a joint effort in publicity， development， and promotion to make it the first brand of China-Europe Railway Express in China and improve its international influence.

The second step is to explore efficient operation mechanisms， such as establishing a unified price alliance， carrying out resource sharing of routes， yards， ports， and containers through common discussion， and innovating industry standardization.

The third step is to focus on the concept of “channel-driven logistics， logistics-driven business and business-driven industries”. By deepening the cooperation of multiple channels based on the comprehensive cooperation of China-Europe Railway Express， Sichuan and Chongqing expand the influence and brand power of their international logistics corridors， and promote the integrated development of channels and logistics， trade， and industries.

Data show that in 2021， the number of China-Europe Railway Express （Chengdu&Chongqing） exceeds 4，800， ranking first in the country.

In addition to the cooperation in railway transportation， Sichuan and Chongqing also work together in water transportation. “Within the framework of building Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle， Guoyuan Port and Yibin Port also deepen their cooperation，” said a person in charge of Liangjiang New Area， adding that 90% of goods from Yibin Port had chosen Guoyuan Port as the transit port.

Apart from the route to Yibin， Guoyuan Port has opened six water transit routes to cities in Sichuan， such as Luzhou and Guangyuan， achieving full coverage of the routes on the upper Yangtze River trunk line. In September 2021， Guoyuan Port also signed an agreement with Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone to jointly build the Chengdu Land Port. After completion， Chengdu Land Port can transport containers from Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone to Shanghai by road-water combined transport through Guoyuan Port. The freight time will be shortened by 8 days， the freight turnover rate will be increased by 40%， and the logistics cost of enterprises will be reduced by more than 10%.

In fact， since the start of building the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle， Sichuan and Chongqing have been actively cooperating in a number of open areas.

As the opening-up platform and gateway of Chongqing and Sichuan， Chongqing Liangjiang New Area and Sichuan Tianfu New Area actively promote cooperation through video conference， face-to-face talks， research visits， etc. At the third joint meeting of the two new areas， the two sides have established a focus on promoting the joint construction of eight flagship industries， including automotive， electronics， innovation， exhibition， finance， digital economy， headquarters economy， and biomedicine， to help build a modern industrial system in Chengdu and Chongqing.

Pilot Free Trade Zones （FTZs） in Sichuan and Chongqing also deepened cooperation. In April 2021， the courts of both FTZs jointly signed the Memorandum of Cooperation on Judicial Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in the Sichuan and Chongqing FTZs， and jointly issued the Guidelines on Application for Conduct Protection in Intellectual Property Disputes （for Trial Implementation）， the Guidelines on Review of Conduct Protection in Intellectual Property Disputes （for Trial Implementation）， and the Typical Cases on Judicial Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in the Sichuan and Chongqing FTZs. At present， the courts in the two FTZs have established a number of cooperative working mechanisms such as cross-region case docketing， remote court hearing， remote enforcement， and remote online mediation.

Deepening Sichuan-Chongqing cooperation in six aspects

In October 2021， the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Outline of the Construction Plan for the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle （hereinafter referred to as the Outline）， which put forward new requirements for Sichuan and Chongqing to jointly build a center of inland reform and opening up from six aspects， such as accelerating the construction of corridors for opening up to the outside world and promoting the construction of an open platform at a high level.

Sichuan and Chongqing followed the deployment and implemented specific measures. In December 2021， Sichuan and Chongqing jointly issued the Joint Implementation Plan of Chongqing and Sichuan to Implement the Outline of the Plan for the Construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle （hereinafter referred to as the Implementation Plan）， which refined the Outline in six aspects and proposed specific initiatives.

In terms of the opening-up of corridors， the two regions determined to increase the departures of rail-sea freight trains on the ILSTC connecting Sichuan， Chongqing， and Beibu Gulf ports. In addition， more transportation means， such as the central and eastern channels of China-Europe Railway Express （Chengdu-Chongqing）， the water shuttles between major ports， and rail-sea freight trains will be developed.

As for the open platform construction， the two regions proposed to build a collaborative opening-up demonstration zone of Sichuan and Chongqing FTZs. Chongqing and Sichuan will focus on Liangjiang New Area and Tianfu New Area， and create a pilot inland open economy zone and an inland open gateway by prioritizing the layout of major national strategic projects and pilot demonstration projects.

To create an international first-class business environment， Sichuan and Chongqing proposed to implement the same market access policy and promote the interconnection and mutual recognition of government service integration platforms. Moreover， the two regions will launch one-stop government services tools to ensure access to all government services through a single portal.

In fact， Sichuan and Chongqing have already cooperated in many areas to build an inland open center， and have achieved fruitful results. Of them， the collaborative opening-up demonstration zone of Sichuan and Chongqing FTZs has achieved “six collaborations”. The relevant person in charge of the Chongqing Municipal Commission of Commerce said that around the six aspects of objectives， areas， policies， industries， mechanisms， and timing， the collaboration between the two regions has achieved a lot of results. Taking the coordination in areas as an example， the two regions signed a memorandum of financial cooperation and carried out foreign exchange management reform innovation and mutual recognition of foreign exchange regulation.

The two regions enhanced the cooperation in the public services. Over the past two years， the government halls of Liangjiang New Area and Tianfu New Area have set up one-stop service windows to offer all Sichuan-Chongqing government services， and connected the enterprise registration system in both regions.

The two regions deepened cooperation in exhibitions. In May 2021， Chongqing held the 3rd Western China International Fair for Investment and Trade. Sichuan signed two projects with an agreed investment amount of 11.02 billion yuan at the signing ceremony of major projects. In September 2021， Chongqing organized a delegation to participate in the 18th Western China International Fair held in Chengdu， and signed three key projects with an amount of 11 billion yuan at the signing ceremony of economic cooperation projects.

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2021年10月，中共中央、国务院印发《成渝地区双城经济圈建设规划纲要》，明确成渝地区双城经济圈是继京津冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区之后，中国又一重要的区域发展战略。《纲要》提出推动成渝地区双城经济圈建设的9项重点任务，其中包括两地联手打造内陆改革开放高地。

从地理上看，成渝地区双城经济圈位于“一带一路”和长江经济带交汇处，是西部陆海新通道的起点，具有连接西南西北、沟通东亚与东南亚、南亚的独特优势，在国家发展大局中具有独特而重要的战略地位。

数据显示，2021年川渝外贸进出口总值均创历史新高，其中重庆市达到8000.6亿元，同比增长22.8%;四川省达9513.6亿元，同比增长17.6%。

In October 2021， the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Outline of the Construction Plan for the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle （hereinafter referred to as the Outline）， specifying that Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle is another important regional development strategy in China after Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei， Yangtze River Delta， Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. The Outline puts forward nine key tasks to promote the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle， including the joint efforts of Chengdu and Chongqing to build an inland reform and opening up center.

The Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle is located at the intersection of the Belt and Road and Yangtze River Economic Belt， and is the starting point of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor in western China， which has the unique advantages of connecting southwest China and northwest China， and linking East Asia with Southeast Asia and South Asia. Therefore， it has a unique and important strategic position in the overall development of the country.

Data show that in 2021， the total value of foreign trade imports and exports of Sichuan and Chongqing reached a record high， of which Chongqing reached 800.06 billion yuan， a year-on-year increase of 22.8%; Sichuan Province reached 951.36 billion yuan， a year-on-year increase of 17.6%.