提高网络安全，科学家在努力

重庆 龚 勇

主题语境：科技与信息 篇幅：314词 建议用时：7分钟

1Network-based technologyhasbecome increasingly widespread,and it is now being used by countless individuals,professionals,and businesses worldwide.Despite the technology's advantages,most network-based systems are highly weak to malicious attacks.The consequences of a malicious attack on network-based systems can be extremely severe and devastating.For instance,an attack on a power utility network could leave millions of individuals and offices without electricity,while attacks on social media networks can lead to the disclosure of user information.

2To overcome the weaknesses of network-based systems,computer scientists worldwide have been trying to develop advanced intrusion(入侵)detection systems(IDSs)that could help to identify malicious attacks,increasing a network's safety.In recent years,machine learning(ML)algorithms(算法)have been found to be particularly promising for automatically detecting attacks and intrusions on a network's functioning.

3A key step in the development and training of ML-based IDSs is the selection of data features that a model can rely on or focus on when making predictions.Ideally,by analyzing large datasets,researchers should be able to identify the most suitable features for solving a given task using ML tools,and this is also applicable to intrusion detection.

4Researchers at Canadian University Dubai in the UAE have recently developed a new feature selection method that could enable the development of more effective ML-based IDSs.This method,presented in a paper pre-published on arXiv,was found to perform remarkably well when compared with other commonly employed feature selection techniques.“Our goal is to study feature selection in network traffic data with the aim of detecting potential attacks,”Firuz Kamalov,Sherif Moussa,Rita Zgheib and Omar Mashaal,the researchers who carried out the study,wrote in their paper.“We consider various existing feature selection methods and propose a new feature selection algorithm to identify the most effective features in network traffic data.”

Reading

Check

1.What's the function of the two examples mentioned in paragraph 1?

A.To present the power of network-based systems.

B.To show the weaknesses of network-based systems.

C.To explain the variety of malicious attacks.

D.To illustrate the serious results of malicious attacks.

2.How do IDSs improve a network's safety?

A.By preventing malicious attacks.

B.By recognizing malicious attacks.

C.By imitating malicious attacks.

D.By devastating malicious attacks.

3.What's the key to the development of ML-based IDSs?

A.The settlement of tasks.

B.The analysis of datasets.

C.The prediction of the model.

D.The choosing of data features.

Language

Study

Ⅰ.Useful expressions

for instance例如；比如

rely on依靠；依赖

be able to do能够做……

compare with与……相比较

Ⅱ.Difficult sentences

1.To overcome the weaknesses of network-based systems,computer scientists worldwide have been trying to develop advanced intrusion detection systems(IDSs)that could help to identify malicious attacks,increasing a network's safety.为了克服基于网络的系统的弱点，世界各地的计算机科学家一直在尝试开发先进的入侵检测系统，这类系统可以帮助识别恶意攻击，提高网络的安全性。

【点石成金】该句的主干为computer scientists worldwide have been trying to develop advanced intrusion detection systems(IDSs)；that could help to identify...safety为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词intrusion detection systems，且关系代词that在从句中作主语；To overcome...systems为不定式结构作目的状语。

2.A key step in the development and training of ML-based IDSs is the selection of data features that a model can rely on or focus on when making predictions.基于机器学习的入侵检测系统开发和训练的关键步骤是选择模型在进行预测时可以依赖或关注的数据特征。

【点石成金】该句的主干为A key step is the selection of data features；in the development and training of ML-based IDSs为介词结构作后置定语，修饰A key step；that a model can rely...focus on为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词data features，且关系代词that在从句中作宾语；when making predictions为when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，省略了主语a model和be动词is。