四氯合钴-苄基-2-硝基吡啶季铵盐的合成及其晶体结构

2012-10-24 01:17殷文涛谢晓丹刘湘粤蔡镇锋吴展鹏周家容倪春林
化学研究 2012年4期
关键词:苄基苯环铵盐

殷文涛,谢晓丹,刘湘粤,蔡镇锋,吴展鹏,韩 松,周家容,倪春林

(华南农业大学 理学院-生物材料研究所,广东 广州510642)

四氯合钴-苄基-2-硝基吡啶季铵盐的合成及其晶体结构

殷文涛,谢晓丹,刘湘粤,蔡镇锋,吴展鹏,韩 松,周家容,倪春林*

(华南农业大学 理学院-生物材料研究所,广东 广州510642)

合成了1种含四氯合钴配阴离子的苄基取代吡啶季铵盐[BzNO2Py]2[CoCl4][(BzNO2Py)+为苄基-2-硝基吡啶鎓离子];利用元素分析仪、红外光谱仪和X射线衍射仪表征了其组成和结构.结果表明,标题化合物为单斜晶系,空间群P21/c,晶胞参数为a=0.779 3(1)nm,b=1.849 3(2)nm,c=1.881 4(2)nm,β=97.56(1)°,V =2.688 0(5)nm3,Z =4,Dc=1.560g/cm3,GOOF=1.036,R1=0.055 9,wR2=0.151 5.标题化合物分子由1个四面体形的 [CoCl4]2-阴离子和2个[BzNO2Py]+阳离子组成,[BzNO2Py]+阳离子之间存在C-H…O氢键和p…π作用,而阳离子和阴离子通过C-H…Cl氢键相连;标题化合物分子经由这些弱的氢键而形成二维网状结构.

四氯合钴(II)酸根;苄基-2-硝基吡啶鎓离子;季铵盐;合成;晶体结构

取代苄基吡啶鎓阳离子(简写为[4-RBzPy]+,R为 H,F,Cl,Br,I,CN,NO2)是一类弯曲的多功能有机阳离子,在组装含 [M(mnt)2]n-(M 为Cu,Ni离子;mnt为马来二氰基二硫烯;n=1or 2)和[Ni(tdas)2]2-(tdas为1,2,5-噻唑-3,4-二硫烯)等配阴离子的无机-有机杂化材料方面发挥着重要作用[1-5].含有[MX4]2-(M为Cu,Co,Mn等二价金属离子;X为Cl-或Br-)配阴离子和有机阳离子的无机-有机杂化材料因具有新颖的相转变、热致变色和磁学等性质引起了人们极大的关注[6-9].最近,本文作者将取代苄基吡啶鎓离子([4-RBzPy]+)引入含[CuX4]2-(X为Cl-或Br-)阴离子体系,获得一些具有新颖结构或磁学性能的杂化材料[10-12].本文作者报道了一种新的含[CoCl4]2-配阴离子的季铵盐[BzNO2Py]2[CoCl4](CCDC 836428),通过元素分析、红外光谱和X射线衍射表征了其组成和结构.

1 实验部分

1.1 试剂与实验仪器

美国Perkin-Elmer 240C型元素分析仪;美国Nicolet FT-IR红外光谱仪;德国Bruker Smart CCD单晶衍射分析仪(Mo Kα射线(λ=0.071 073nm).苄氯、2-硝基吡啶和CoCl2·6H2O等试剂均为市售分析纯.氯化苄基-2-硝基吡啶([BzNO2Py]Cl)按文献[13]方法合成.

1.2 季铵盐的合成

取0.25g(0.5mmol)[BzNO2Py]Cl于锥形瓶中,加入0.12g(0.5mmol)CoCl2·6H2O,以20mL甲醇为溶剂,再加入1mL浓盐酸,加热搅拌回流1h,过滤,静置,自然挥发5周,得到蓝色晶体0.23g,产率72%.

1.3 季铵盐晶体结构的测定

选取尺寸为0.15mm×0.19mm×0.27mm的蓝色晶体用于结构分析,在Bruker Smart CCD单晶衍射分析仪上,在291(2)K下,采用石墨单色器单色化的Mo Kα射线(λ=0.071 073nm),以φ-ω扫描方式共收集到18 969个衍射点,其中可观测的独立衍射点[I>2σ(I)]为4 309个,强度因子经经验吸收校正,晶体结构采用SHELXS-97程序由直接法解出[14].对非氢原子坐标及其各向异性温度因子进行全矩阵最小二乘法精修.季铵盐的晶体学数据和结构精修信息列于表1.

表1 季铵盐的晶体学数据Table 1 Crystal data of the quaternary ammonium salt

2 结果与讨论

2.1 季铵盐的元素分析、红外光谱和电子喷雾质谱

季铵盐的元素分析的实测值为C,45.61%;H,3.64%;N,8.79%;计算值为C,45.67%;H,3.51%;N,8.88%;由此可见测定值与化学式[BzNO2Py]2[CoCl4](C24H22N4O4Cl4Co)的计算值基本吻合.季铵盐红外光谱中3 055cm-1、2 924cm-1和2 847cm-1处的峰分别为苯环、吡啶环和CH2中的C-H伸缩振动.1 626cm-1和1 485cm-1处的峰为苯环和吡啶环中的═C C和═C N伸缩振动,1 525cm-1和1 348cm-1为硝基特征峰,苯环和吡啶环中C-H的弯曲振动吸收出现在773cm-1和742cm-1处[15].

2.2 季铵盐的晶体结构

晶体结构分析表明,所合成的季铵盐属单斜晶系,空间群为P21/c,其分子结构如图1所示,主要的键长和键角列于表2.由图1可知,季铵盐分子由1个 [CoCl4]2-阴离子和2个 [BzNO2Py]+阳离子组成.其中[CoCl4]2-呈现出变形四面体结构,Co-Cl平均键长是0.228 26nm,Cl-Co-Cl的键角范围为105.05°~114.93°,这些键长和键角与文献报道的类似含[CoCl4]2-配阴离子化合物的键参数相似[16-17].对于含 N(1)的[BzNO2Py]+阳离子,吡啶环邻位的硝基中2个O原子和1个N原子均偏离吡啶环平面,偏离值为0.025 9nm(O(1)),-0.050 3nm(O(2))和-0.008 4nm(N(1)),苯环和吡啶环与C(6)-C(7)-N(1)所确定的参考平面之间的二面角分别为104.6°和16.6°,而苯环和吡啶环的二面角为100.3°;对于含N(3)的[BzNO2Py]+阳离子,吡啶环邻位的硝基中2个O原子和1个N原子偏离值为0.049 8nm(O(3)),-0.027 4nm(O(4))和-0.007 4nm(N(4)),苯环和吡啶环与C(18)-C(19)-N(3)平面之间的二面角为106.1°和22.0°,苯环和吡啶环的二面角为102.5°.

图1 季铵盐的分子结构式Fig.1 Molecular structure of the quaternary ammonium salt

表2 季铵盐的主要键长和键角Table 2 Selected bond lengths and angles for the quaternary ammonium salt

季铵盐中[BzNO2Py]+阳离子之间存在两类弱相互作用;(1)一个阳离子吡啶环上硝基中的氧原子与另一个吡啶环之间的p…π作用[18],如图2所示,O(3)与吡啶环中心的距离为0.315 8nm;(2)C(12)-H(12)…O(1)、C(15)-H(15)…O(1)和C(19)-H(19B)…O(1)氢键作用[19](表3).[CoCl4]2-阴离子和[BzNO2Py]+阳离子之间通过分子间C-H…Cl[19-21]氢键相连 (表3).这些弱的氢键使季铵盐形成了二维网状结构(图3).

图2 相邻阳离子之间的p…π堆积作用Fig.2 The p…πinteractions between the neighboring cations

图3 季铵盐沿a轴方向的堆积图Fig.3 The stacking diagram of the quaternary ammonium salt as viewed along aaxis

表3 季铵盐中氢键的键长和键角Table 3 The bond lengths and angles for hydrogen bonds of the quaternary ammonium salt

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Synthesis and crystal structure of tetrachlorocobaltate(II)-benzyl-2-nitropyridinium quaternary ammonium salt

YIN Wentao,XIE Xiaodan,LIU Xiang-yue,CAI Zhenfeng,WU Zhanpeng,HAN Song,ZHOU Jiarong,NI Chunlin
(College of ScienceInstitute of Biomaterial,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou510642,Guangdong,China)

A new quaternary ammonium salt containing[CoCl4]2-anion,[BzNO2Py]2[CoCl4]([BzNO2Py]+is benzyl-2-nitropyridinium ion)was synthesized.The composition and structure of as-synthesized complex were characterized by elemental analysis,infrared spectrometry and single crystal X-ray diffraction.Results show that the title compound is in the monoclinic system of space group P21/c,with cell parameters of a=0.779 3(1)nm,b=1.849 3(2)nm,c=1.881 4(2)nm,β=97.56(1)°,V =2.688 0(5)nm3,Z =4,Dc=1.560g/cm3,GOOF=1.036,R1=0.055 9,and wR2=0.151 5.The molecule of the title compound consists of one tetrahedral[CoCl4]2-anion and two[BzNO2Py]+cation.There are C-H…O hydrogen bond and p…πinteraction between adjacent[BzNO2Py]+cations,while the anions and cations are linked by the C-H…Cl hydrogen bonds.These weak interactions result in a network structure in the title compound molecule.

tetrachlorocobaltate(II);benzyl-2-nitropyridium;quaternary ammonium salt;synthesis;crystal structure

O 614.1

A

1008-1011(2012)04-0014-05

2011-12-10.

广东省2011年大学生创新实验项目(1056411137),华南农业大学2010年优秀本科生“红满堂计划”研究项目,华南农业大学“211工程”三期重点建设项目 (2009B010100001).

殷文涛(1989-),男,本科生.研究方向为无机合成化学.*

.E-mail:niclchem@scau.edu.cn.

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