基于含噪复值ICA信号模型的快速不动点算法

2014-05-30 11:41阮宗利李立萍钱国兵罗明刚
电子与信息学报 2014年5期
关键词:白化不动点复数

阮宗利 李立萍 钱国兵 罗明刚



基于含噪复值ICA信号模型的快速不动点算法

阮宗利*①②李立萍①钱国兵①罗明刚①

①(电子科技大学电子工程学院 成都 611731)②(中国石油大学(华东)理学院 青岛 266580)

复数快速不动点算法亦称为复数FastICA算法,是盲信号分离的一类重要算法。然而,该算法对被噪声污染的混合源的分离效果较差,尤其是在低信噪比的情况下。这主要是由于在噪声环境下,被白化过后的信号样本的相关矩阵不再是单位阵而是一个对角矩阵。该文基于复信号快速不动点算法,首先将基于含噪复值ICA信号模型的混合源投影到信号子空间,以便进行去噪和去相关处理,然后对现有的复数FastICA算法的学习规则做了修正,从而在迭代更新过程中考虑了噪声的影响,因此将显著提高复数FastICA算法的盲信号分离性能。文中给出了去噪非圆信号nc-FastICA算法的推导和步骤,仿真结果说明了该算法的有效性。

独立分量分析;复数快速不动点算法;圆信号;非圆信号;去噪

1 引言

然而,目前并没有能够较好处理噪声ICA模型的复数快速不动点算法。张和发等人[15]在2011年对nc-FastICA算法做了修正,并将之用于提取微弱信号,然而其主要是在算法过程的白化步骤中进行了去噪处理,效果不佳。本文提出了去噪复数FastICA算法,对噪声复数ICA模型的FastICA算法的学习规则做了改进,起到了较好的去噪作用,使得分离效果有显著提高。

2 ICA信号模型及复数FastICA算法

2.1 复随机变量及其统计量

2.2 复数ICA信号模型

经典的复数ICA信号模型为

一般地,快速不动点算法首先要对观测数据进行白化处理,即

2.3非圆复信号ICA的nc-FastICA算法

非圆复信号的快速不动点算法的学习规则为

3 噪声复数ICA信号模型及去噪nc- FastICA算法

3.1 噪声复数ICA信号模型

具有噪声的复数ICA信号模型如下:

此时,伪白化后的观测数据应表示为:

3.2 去噪nc-FastICA算法的学习规则

从而有了式(7)中右端的第1项。

因此,考虑到噪声后,对应式(15)有

从而,对应式(7)有

3.3 去噪nc-FastICA算法

根据前面的分析,可以得到去噪nc-FastICA算法的具体步骤:

4 计算机仿真

4.1 仿真实验1

4.2 仿真实验2

4.3 仿真实验3

图1 两个8QAM信号及其混合与分离的散点图

图2 两个CGGD信号的混合与分离

图3 在不同信噪比下nc-FastICA算法和去噪nc-FastICA算法的性能对比

关于两个非线性函数效果的差异问题,非线性函数不同,分离效果会有差异,因为分离效果受很多因素的影响,比如信源超高斯、次高斯,非圆系数,收敛条件的设定等。

5 结束语

本文对噪声复ICA信号模型的快速不动点算法进行了研究。首先通过对观测信号的协方差矩阵进行信号子空间和噪声子空间分解,从而在伪白化过程中将观测信号投影到信号子空间;然后在已有复数FastICA算法的学习规则的基础上,考虑了噪声影响,对学习规则做了改进,使之更符合带噪声的信号模型。因此,去噪nc-FastICA算法提高了盲辨识性能。仿真结果验证了本文算法的有效性。

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阮宗利: 男,1978年生,讲师,博士生,研究方向为盲源分离、阵列信号处理.

李立萍: 女,1963年生,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为阵列信号处理、高速信号处理、微弱信号检测与参数估计等.

钱国兵: 男,1987年生,博士生,研究方向为盲源分离、阵列信号处理.

罗明刚: 男,1977年生,博士生,研究方向为非合作信号处理、阵列信号处理.

Fast Fixed-point Algorithm Based on Complex ICA Signal Model with Noise

Ruan Zong-li①②Li Li-ping①Qian Guo-bing①Luo Ming-gang①

①(,,611731)②(,,266580)

The complex fast fixed-point algorithm, also called complex FastICA, is one of the most important algorithms for Blind Signal Separation (BSS). However, the performance of this algorithm deteriorates when it is used to separate the noisy mixed sources, especially in the low SNR case, since the covariance matrix of whitened observations is not an identity matrix but a diagonal matrix. This paper bases on the present complex FastICA. First, the mixed sources defined with complex Independent Component Analysis (ICA) signal model are projected onto the signal subspace. Thus, the denoising and decorrelating from mixed signal samples can be handily achieved. Then, the learning rule of the algorithm is modified, where the effect of white Gaussian noise is taken into account. Therefore,the BSS performance of complex FastICA is improved markedly. In this paper, the learning rule of denoised noncircular FastICA (nc-FastICA) is derivated and the detailed procedure is given. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Independent Component Analysis (ICA); Complex fast fixed-point algorithm; Circular signal; Noncircular signal; Denoise

TN911.7

A

1009-5896(2014)05-1094-06

10.3724/SP.J.1146.2013.00951

阮宗利 RuanZL0496@sina.com

2013-07-01收到,2013-10-18改回

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