英语教学要尊重学生独特的感受和理解

2014-10-21 19:53蓝秋艳
学校教育研究 2014年23期
关键词:动物园板书学会

蓝秋艳

在以“教师为中心的”外语课堂教学上,教师关心最多的是教学方法的设计,而往往忽略了学生是外语学习的主体。要想真正有效的组织外语教学,必须充分考虑学习主体的个性特点,因为对学习的最终结果起决定性作用的是学习者本人,因此,教学要以学生为中心,尊重学生在课堂上独特的感受和理解。

首先,教学要尊重学生不同的观点和看法。在教学过程中既要尊重学生的独特理解和感受,又要为学生引导一个主流的价值观,使学生在交流中调整并形成自己对事物的新的见解,真正体现出学习的过程是学生的自我構建的过程。

例如,我们教师在教学课文“The Swedish Rock Band”的过程中,教师可以先采取看、听、说领先的方法,再使用阅读的方法设计这一节课,下面是我在上这一节课的教学步骤:

T: Now look at the picture in your books. What are the young people doing?

Ss: Theyre singing and dancing.

T: Youre right. We may say theyre giving a concert.(板书:concert ).Can you see the drum?(板书:drum).Can you beat a drum?(打鼓的动作)。

Ss: Yes/No.

T: Whats the girl doing?

Ss: Shes playing the guitar. (板书:guitar)

T: Yes, shes a singer. (板书:singer)You see,(教师将刚才板书的新单词回顾和小结)this group has their guitar players, drum–beaters and singers, we call them a band.(板书:band)

接着,教师可以提出几个问题,引导学生进入这一课的阅读环节练习,几分钟后,老师检查学生的阅读情况。

T: What was the name of the band in our text?

S1: It was Yesterday.

T: What kind of music did they play?

S2: They played rock music.

T: Do you like music?

S3: Yes. We feel free to dance to the music.

S4: I dont like music, its too noisy.

从以上教学环节来看,学生在解读课文的过程中产生的对课本所提到的主题音乐的理解是有差异的。

T: Did they play very well that night?

S5: No, they didnt. Because Max broke his leg and some people took him to hospital.

T: Did they sing many songs?

Ss: Yes. T hey sang“Why did you leave me?”,“There was someone in my heart”,“I cant forget the past”,and they also sang a song in Chinese.

T: Good. By the way, do you like singing?

Ss: Yes, very much.

T: Shall we have a small concert today? Ill give you 5 minutes to prepare, you can sing your favorite songs. When youre ready, come to the front to sing for us.(5分钟后)

T: I think its time to start. Who will be the first one to sing?

S1: Let me try. Ill sing the song of Titanic“My Heart Will Go on”(学生演唱)

S2: Ill sing the song“Take Me To Your Heart”,but Im afraid I cant remember the words.(学生演唱)

S3: Im not good at English songs, Ill sing the Chinese song“水手”for you.(学生演唱)

S4/S5:Well sing“Big Big World.”(学生演唱)

T: How nice! Ive never enjoyed a better concert than this. I hope you can learn more and more English songs. Its a good way for you to learn English. And when you enjoy songs, you enjoy life.

从这一课的教学过程来看,对于Rock music,学生在解读课文的过程中产生的对本课所提到的主题音乐的理解是有差异的,有的学生喜欢,觉得它自由、放松,符合中学生活泼好动的特点;有的学生不喜欢,觉得它声音太大太吵。教师在教学过程中要充分尊重学生的独特感受。

其次,课堂教学要充分体现出师生在讨论问题中的平等性。在教学中,教师不但要引导学生积极参与讨论,让学生学会思考、学会表达、学会交流、学会学习。

再次,教学要尊重学生个体的差异性。例如,在初二英语第17课中,在我们学完动物名称后,让学生设计一座动物园,既要“写”的练习,又培养学生的创造性思维。教师在教学第18课时,可将学生中设计得最好的一幅动物园设计图向学生展示:

T: Look at the picture of the zoo. What kind of animals can you see?

Ss: Tiger, dolphin, lion, monkey ...

T: Do they live in the forest?

Ss: No, most of them live in the cages, but some of them can walk in the zoo.

T: Why ?

Ss: Because some of them are dangerous, some are quite friendly.

T: Do you think its good or bad to keep animals in the cages?

S1: Its good because people will be safe in the zoo.

S2: Its wrong because the animals are very unhappy.

S3: Its bad because they wont get enough exercise and may be ill

T: How wonderful! We should be kind to animals, do you agree with me?

Ss: Yes, we do.

我們教师通过这样的教学方法进行课堂设计,不但尊重了学生的独特理解和感受,而且又引导了一种主流的价值观,使学生在交流中调整并形成自己对事物的新的见解,真正体现出学习的过程是学生自我构建的过程,使学生在学习中得到了如何看待在动物园中圈养动物的教育启示。在这样的教学过程中,体现出教师充分尊重学生的理解和感受,通过学生间的交流进行思想上的自我调整,教师又适时地为学生点拨了一个基本的思想观点:要善待动物。

新的课程改革所倡导的英语教学教学要珍视学生独特的感受,体验和理解,教学中要创造学生与文本对话的机会,从而达到不同的学生从不同的角度认识和理解课文的境界。

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