A QUESTION OF CASH

BY SUN JIAHUI (孙佳慧)

A QUESTION OF CASH

BY SUN JIAHUI (孙佳慧)

Do China’s celebrity-fueled Q&A apps put a fair price on knowledge?

付费问答风靡网络，知识变现成为潮流，是知识共享模式的兴起，还是网络时代的又一种社交方式？

When Wu Jingping quit China’s national pingpong team as coach in July 2016, having helped achieve four Olympic gold medals at Rio, he imagined his life in the public eye was over. Six months later, Wu was back—this time as a “celebrity author” on Weibo Q&A, part of a burgeoning cash-for-questions industry.

Since its launch in December, 2016, Weibo Q&A has joined Fenda (“One-Minute Answers”) as one of China’s most profitable knowledge-sharing platforms. These differ from sites like Quora, Zhihu, and Reddit by charging for questions and answers: Users pay “experts” a fee to answer personalized questions, either in a 60-second voice message (Fenda) or a written answer (Weibo). Others then pay 1 RMB to “view” the answer. The fees from viewers are split between the initial asker and the expert who answers, with the platform taking a percentage—imagine a celebrity AMA, in which potentially everyone stands to make a little money.

SOME INVESTORS ARE BETTING ON THIS“KNOWLEDGE” AS THE NEXT COMMODITY

After 26 years coaching ping-pong players like Olympians Ma Lin, Wang Hao, and Xu Xin, Wu Jingping was looking for new opportunities to share his talents when Weibo Q&A came along. On February 8, Wu received a message, soliciting his expertise on the platform. Wu spent over 10 days studying the rules before finally making up his mind to join. He has since answered around 150 questions, and Weibo Q&A has become Wu’s primary method of communicating with fans.

While China’s web users have long been accustomed to free content, some investors are betting on this“knowledge” as the next viable commodity. Others warn that the trend is merely a fad within a volatile sharing-economy.

Trailblazer app Fenda notched up 10 million registered users within 42 days of going live last May; one million of those were paying customers, while another 330,000 were industry “experts,” who helped generate around 18 million RMB in transactions. Fenda’s rapid rise helped it attract an initial 25 million USD from investors including Wang Sicong, China’s richest son. Then in November, it attracted an undisclosed amount of “series A-plus” funding from social media titan Tencent.

Zhihu recently joined the action with a premium paid service, Live. In a recent advert, a boy runs up to a girl, pauses, then jogs on; she looks wistful. “Why don’t guys approach girls anymore?” the ad wonders. Those seeking a serious answer might be disappointed. As with its microblogging service, Weibo’s Q&A platform is predominated by “Big Vs”(verified users with large followings) whose often-brief but lucrativecontributions reflect less their expertise than their popularity.

Take Wang Sicong: China’s most outspokenfu’erdaiwas paid 5,000 RMB to explain, “as a sophisticated person with a wealth of experience, how can you identify a ‘green tea bitch’ based on her appearance?”Wang answered with a simple idiom—“熟能生巧” (Practice makes perfect)1The “green tea bitch” is a term invented by netizens to describe a woman who appears pure and innocent, but is actually manipulative and cunning. By April 11, 190,671 people had checked his answer, earning Wang around 22,500 RMB per character. And before Wang joined Weibo Q&A, he was even more active on Fenda. By answering just 32 questions, including“What kind of girl do you like?” Wang earned more than 240,000 RMB in less than two weeks.

Much of Fenda’s traffic is generated by this celebrity gossip, though the rates tend to vary wildly. Responses from Zhang Ziyi, a star ofCrouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, to a fan’s plea for advice attracted less than 100 listeners. But when someone paid 6,666 RMB to ask actress-singer Zheng Shuang how she feels about her ex, Zheng’s two-character answer “尴尬”, embarrassment attracted more than 10,000 views. Both Wang and Zheng now charge 10,000 RMB per question, the highest allowed by Weibo.

Genuine expertise, though, does not seem to command such a price. Economist and social critic Mao Yushi charges 100 RMB per question. Ping-pong coach Wu charges 66 RMB, and his answers have garnered around 170,000 views in total. He said he chooses his questions carefully:“I answer four types—training, basic ping-pong knowledge, advice for young learners, and any other questions I might find meaningful.”Most attract around 1,000 views from his 59,000 followers, meaning the askers usually make back their investment after 150 pay-per-views.

The first question Wu tackled was simple: “Could you give some practical advice for improving my game?” Wu’s 361-character answer attracted 282 views (which meant his first Weibo student made 60.9 RMB in profit). But Wu’s most popular answer concerned his thoughts on a pair of celebrity players, Ma Long and Zhang Jike.

“THE QUESTION HAS TO BE RELATED TO PING—PONG; IF NOT, I WON’T ANSWER IT”

Wu told TWOC that users’ appetite for gossip has made him cautious about the concept of cash-forquestions. “It’s an effective way for me to promote ping-pong, but I know that some people ask questions just to make money,” he said. “I have to control it carefully. I only answerthree or four questions a day, and the question has to be related to pingpong; if not, I won’t answer it.”

According to economist Guo Cheng, visiting professor at Zhongshan University, the attraction of knowledge-sharing apps has little to do with actual knowledge. “For those who really want it, knowledge is everywhere,” Guo told TWOC.“Open courses from Harvard or Yale are all high-end resources that people can access for free. In fact, most people [on Q&A platforms] spend money just get to close to people they are interested in.”

As a Weibo user with over 3 million followers, Guo, who goes by the handle Mr. Think (Zuomo Xiansheng), is himself a “Big V” who has answered more than 160 questions and earned over 100,000 RMB in less than a month since joining Q&A. But Guo said the most popular questions are mostly concerned with novelty (“anecdotes about celebrities or some interesting way to interpret history”) and money—“people always care about their wallet.” Success is dependent on recognition, said Guo: “It only works for those Big Vs; ordinary accounts without enough followers can’t make it big.”

Despite the widely touted investment rounds, Guo doesn’t see much future in these platforms. “Their prosperity is probably a flash in the pan,” he said. “One’s knowledge is limited. Maybe it’s fine to answer hundreds of questions. But when it comes to thousands—how can they keep producing new ideas? And the general public is still more accustomed to free information on the internet.”Meanwhile, there are simpler ways to make money: “If Big Vs can easily make tens of thousandskuaiposting ads, why keep answering questions?”

Big Vs may also be wary of censorship. In August, Fenda suspended its service, and claimed to be undergoing a “service upgrade.”The move was widely interpreted a crackdown by authorities; sure enough, when Fenda returned after a 47-day silence, only three of its categories remained—work, health and science.

Another issue is quality control: On most Q&A platforms, anyone can call himself an expert, and there’s no guarantee of either their identity or the veracity of answers. But while the medium may seem new and different, Guo said it follows a familiar pattern:“The form is always changing, from rise to decline, but the root is a modern anxiety for knowledge,” he said. “If people like it, I will continue; if they get bored, I will stop.”

“IF BIG VS CAN EASILY MAKE TENS OF THOUSANDS KUAI POSTING ADS, WHY KEEP ANSWERING QUESTIONS?”