立足现象，把握角度分析

◆ Penelope

说明某一现象的原因是江苏高考任务型写作中主体段落(body paragraph)的主要内容。学会立足于现象，分解现象中的因素，再针对不同因素展开分析才能在书面表达上不偏离主题，获得高分。比如，2018年江苏高考书面表达要求对“利用排名进行消费的现象”说明2～3个理由；2017年江苏高考书面表达要求分析“我国电影票房收入变化的原因”并谈谈对票房收入走向的看法和理由；2016年的书面表达要求是阐述对网络投票的看法，也是用2～3个理由说明；2015年要求分析导致交通问题的原因等等。由此可见掌握文章主体段落的写作技巧是多么重要。

如何把握现象中的角度，我们首先分解现象中存在的事物，看看这一现象涉及哪几个元素，再做分析。以“利用排名进行消费”为例，中心词是“消费”，其中包含“消费品”和“消费者”两个元素。如果对排名消费是积极态度，就分别立足于这两个元素写好处：排名高，意味着消费品质量好、服务好；消费者节省时间、方便选择。若持反对态度，那么排名高的商品常有误导消费之嫌、不可靠；消费者盲目随大流会忽视自己的真正需求以及商品的内在品质，可能造成浪费。这种把握角度分析现象的方法也是我们学生很熟悉的写作技巧。我们以2018届南京市、盐城市的高三一模中的书面表达为例，看看同学们的精彩表现吧！

（南京市、盐城市2018届高三第一次模拟考试）

第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）

81.请认真阅读下面有关公共图书馆的文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

Libraries have always been at the heart of the communities they serve.They are accessible and safe spaces, providing access to huge resources of information and knowledge.Libraries have played an important role in helping generations of immigrants, young people, job seekers and readers to learn, stay connected and get ahead in life.Offering access to books, newspapers and, later, computers, they opened up a world of knowledge and ideas for millions of people.The public library transcends national and cultural boundaries—no matter where you are in the world, they are an essential part of creating and maintaining an educated and literate population.

But today, public libraries are at a turning point.The way we access and consume information has changed dramatically in the 21st century, and this presents major challenges and opportunities for public library systems across the world.

The advent of new technologies has changed some of our reading habits.But our need for shared, community-centred spaces to fi nd information and connect with others is unlikely to change any time soon.

【写作内容】

1.用约30词概述上述信息的主要内容；

2.结合上述信息，简要分析公共图书馆仍受欢迎的主要原因；

3.就公共图书馆如何与时俱进，应对新挑战提出你的建议（不少于两点）。

【写作要求】

1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3.不必写标题。

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

这是范文中的30词概括，从中可以看到和第二段的body paragraph之间的连接关系。

Though challenged by the development of new technologies and e-books, public libraries still play an important role in our life and appeal to increasing numbers of people, especially the young.

第二段是分析公共图书馆在数码世界中存活的原因。也就是相对于电子书而言，公共图书馆的优势，用对比的方法说明网络书籍的缺陷，反衬公共图书馆不可缺少的作用。下面一段是范文中的主体段。

There are several reasons accounting for public libraries surviving the wave of digitalization.To begin with, they are open to all, providing free access to the latest resources and technologies.What’s more, one of the drawbacks of the digital materials is that they’re not always trustworthy while public libraries can offer a large collection of reliable reference books.These practical functions aside, we still need the physical space, where we can fully concentrate on our study without easily getting distracted.

我们再来看看学生们是怎样演绎这部分内容的吧！

Student 1

Several factors may be responsible for libraries’ unfading popularity.On one hand, libraries make us accessible to diverse books, thus enabling us to enrich our knowledge reserves and expand our horizons.On the other hand, when exposed to paper books, a bridge is built up between individuals, which exert a positive effect on people’s daily communication.As a consequence, people are willing to read paper-based books, though the new technology is catching upon the traditional libraries.

Student 2

Conventional as it may be, libraries entitle us to enjoying real-life reading experience with an accessible and safe setting.Thus, we can dive into the world of knowledge and put aside distractions temporarily.Moreover, communication and sharing can be readily found here, which offers channels to linking people together.However, with life pace accelerating, libraries have to refresh themselves to better serve the public.Firstly, they ought to be equipped with more humanoriented facilities that offer readers convenience and comfort.Subsequently, unique themes and more creative concepts should be added to so as to be compatible with modern reading styles.Or rather, libraries need to fi nd their own position in the contemporary society.

Student 3

A multitude of factors may give rise to this.In the first place, the libraries have access to knowledge and information of great diversity, so it’s easier to cater to people’s different tastes.Better still is that they welcomed people from all walks of life and they remain equally essential and indispensable at every corner of the world.Additionally, people’s urgency for shared spaces to exchange and share ideas also counts.

Student 4

There are a variety of reasons accounting for this phenomenon.To begin with, the majority of people raise their awareness of reading books rather than searching for information via the Internet.What’s more, teenagers’ main obligation is to read, so it goes without saying that they are composed of the largest scale of going to public libraries.

学生们都准确把握了公共图书馆和数码书这两个角度，提取有利于说明公共图书馆好处的元素，用他们的写作技巧较好地呈现出了写作的形式。