摘 要:农村高中有别于城市高中,在学习英语方面存在着很大的局限性。一是资源有限,学生接触不到最新的英语语言类信息,这势必会影响语言学习。二是硬件设施有限,学生不能很好地练习听说读写。所以,农村高中学习外语很难达到很高的高度。而且,这些学习局限更加影响了学生的英语写作。于是,学生在英語写错中会出现很明显的错误。本文着眼于农村高中学生在英语写作中常出现的错误,对错误进行了归类,并且很具体地反映出来。
关键词:农村高中;英语写作错误
引言:于学生而言,英语是有别于我们的母语的一门外语。他们在学习中很容易出现这样那样的错误。尤其是在农村高中英语写作中,学生们更是把错误暴露无遗。本文把学生写作中的错误归为三类,写出来与大家分享,希望能对学生的写作有所帮助。
一、词汇类错误
1、单词拼写错误
以下这几个词可谓是高中阶段学生的易错词,是常写常错的词。有的学生甚至到了高三还写不对这些词。
错误的句子:
a Our English teacher is friendly but very strick with us students.
b Riding bicycles is convinient.
c It is necesary to learn English.
d We should protect our enviroment.
正确的句子:
a Our English teacher is friendly but very strict with us students.
b Riding bicycles is convenient.
c It is necessary to learn English.
d We should protect our environment.
2、名词使用错误
英汉名词确有许多共同点,但是也有不少不同点。 英语名词有可数与不可数之分,但汉语里没有,且一般情况下,名词都可受到数量词的限制。因此,英语写作中,一旦涉及到advice, news, progress, weather, information, fun 等少数常用不可数名词时,学生往往会犯错误。
错误的句子:
a、The book presents us a lot of useful informations.
b、He has made a great progress in English .
c、It is a fine weather.
d、Playing computer games is a fun.
正确的句子:
a、The book presents us a lot of useful information.
b、He has made great progress in English.
c、It is fine weather.
d、Playing computer games is fun.
3、词类使用错误
学生在这一块出错,主要是因为对单词的把握,精确性不够。没能正确掌握单词的词性变化。
错误的句子:
a、During my summer vacation, I spent half a month in the country and played very happy.
b、 Doing a part-time job always effects study.
正确的句子:
a During my summer vacation, I spent half a month in the country and played very happily.
b、Doing a part-time job always affects study.
二、语法类错误
1、主谓一致错误
由于汉语的动词不受主语的人称和数的影响,英语的谓语动词要和主语保持一致,谓语动词要随着主语而变化。而学生主要用汉语思维,因此他们往往没有习惯去考虑主语是第几人称,是单数还是复数。
错误的句子:
a、A number of students is going to learn a foreign language.
b、He go to school by bike every day.
正确的句子:
a、A number of students are going to learn a foreign language.
b、He goes to school by bike every day.
2、非谓语动词使用错误
由于学生对非谓语动词的概念不清楚,对不定式、分词、动名词的用法不明白,对句子结构分析不正确,常把谓语动词误用作谓语动词。学生不知道在英语句子中谓语动词只能有一个,如果有另外一个动词出现,这个动词有三种情况:一是并列谓语,但是这时候必须有连词,如and, but 等; 二是出现在从句里面;三就是以分词形式出现,现在分词和过去分词,还有不定式。现在分词有主动语态和进行时的含义,而过去分词有被动语态和完成时的含义,不定式有将来时态的意义。
错误的句子:
a、There is a girl stands against the wall.
b、Comparing with other countries, the country pays little attention to the pollution.
c、In the museum, there are a lot of interesting things look at.
正確的句子:
a、There is a girl standing against the wall.
b、Compared with other countries, the country pays little attention to the pollution.
c、In the museum, there are a lot of interesting things to look at.
3、比较级使用错误
错误的句子:
a、Our environment is worser and worser.
b、Their lives are more and more happy.
c、With the development of transportation, the world seems to be getting more and more smaller.
正确的句子:
a、Our environment is worse and worse
b、Their lives are happier and happier.
c、With the development of transportation, the world seems to be getting smaller and smaller.
三、汉语式英语
纯汉语式思维和汉语式语序
错误的句子:
a、At this school studying, I really very happy.
b、He left see and right see and found that there was no person.
正确的句子:
a、Studying at this school, I am really happy.
b、He looked around and found that there was no person.
结束语:高中生英语写作中存在很多错误,是不可回避的事实,也是工作在一线的英语教师面临的一个棘手的问题。研究农村高中英语写作中出现的错误,其成因是什么,对于今后采取什么样的写作教学策略,进而卓有成效的提高高中英语写作水平就很有现实意义。
参考文献
[1]邓业权 《写作词库》金盾出版社
[2]《英语论文写作》Academic Writing In English 四川人民出版社
[3]章振邦 《新编英语写作教程》上海外语教育出版社
作者简介:王鲜景(1983-),女,汉族, 河南省商丘市人,本科学历,从事高中英语教学12年,现仍从事着一线教学工作。