主题语境五：兴趣与爱好

蒋建平

“兴趣与爱好”是人们相互交流时最为感兴趣的话题之一，也是考生熟悉且关心的话题。课标中“兴趣与爱好”主题涉及的主要内容有：（1）Lessons（music， dance， acting， sport， etc.）;（2）Games（physical games， computer games， etc.）;（3）Hobbies（collecting stamps， coins， dolls， etc.）;（4）Reading;（5）Cultural events（film， theatre， concert， opera， etc.）;（6）Entertainment;（7）Socializing（having parties， issuing invitations， going for picnics/sightseeing， entertaining guests， etc.）;（8）Expressing your reactions to these activities。

“兴趣与爱好”在高考中的考查角度主要包括要求考生就家长如何培养孩子的兴趣与爱好、电影与电视的优劣比较、现场看表演和看电视转播的比较、极限运动兴起的原因及分析等话题发表看法，并可能要求考生介绍某一项兴趣或爱好，写一份校园比赛的海报，给外国网友写一封邮件描述自己是如何度过课余时间的，等等。

The language of music

A painter hangs his or her 1. （finish） picture on a wall， and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work， but no one can hear it until it 2. （perform）. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities， for the composer is utterly 3. （depend） on them. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique， for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of 4. athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day， as their vocal chords would be inadequate 5. controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down， while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm—two entirely different 6. （movement）. Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note 7. （perfect） in tune. Pianists are spared this particular 8. （anxious）， for the notes are already there， waiting for them， and it is the piano tuners responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties： the hammers that hit the strings have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion， and each overlapping tone has to sound clear. This problem of getting clear texture is 9. that confronts student conductors： they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound， and they have to aim at 10. （control） these sounds with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.

音樂的语言

画家将已完成的作品挂在墙上，每个人都可以观赏得到。作曲家创作完了一首作品，它得由演奏者将其演奏出来，其他人才能欣赏到。因为作曲家完全依赖于职业歌手和演奏者，所以他们肩上的担子可不轻。一名学音乐的学生要想成为一名演奏者，需要经受长期而艰苦的训练，就像一名学医的学生要成为一名医生一样。绝大多数的训练是技巧性的，因为音乐家们肌肉的熟练程度必须达到与运动员或芭蕾舞演员相当的水平。歌手们每天都练习吊嗓子，因为如果不能有效地控制肌肉，他们的声带将无法满足演唱时的要求。弦乐器的演奏者练习的则是在左手的手指上下滑动的同时，用右手臂前后拉动琴弓——这是两个完全不同的动作。歌手和乐器演奏者必须使所有的音符完全协调。钢琴家们则不用操这份心，因为每个音符都在那里等待着他们来弹。给钢琴调音是调音师的职责，但调音师们也有他们的难处：他们必须耐心地调敲击琴弦的音槌，不能让音槌发出的声音像是打击乐器发出的，而且交叠的音中每一个音都必须要清晰。如何得到清晰的乐章是学生指挥们所面临的难题：他们必须学会了解音乐中的每一个音及其发音之道;他们还必须致力于用乐理知识和他们对音乐的理解去控制这些声音。艺术家之所以伟大，就在于他们对音乐语言驾轻就熟，他们可以满怀喜悦地演奏出任何时代的作品。

素材积累

（一）阅读词汇整合（明其义）

【核心单词】

1. fascinate v. 迷住;深深吸引

fascinated adj. 着迷的; 被深深吸引的

fascinating adj. 迷人的;极有吸引力的

2. attract v. 吸引

attraction n. 吸引力

attractive adj. 有吸引力的;有魅力的

3. enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的;有乐趣的

enjoy v. 享受;欣赏

joy n. 快乐;乐事

4. amazing adj. 令人惊奇的

amazed adj. 感到惊奇的;颇为吃惊的

amaze v. 使驚奇;使吃惊

5. benefit n. 益处;优势 v. 使受益;得益于

beneficial adj. 有利的;有益的

6. favorite adj. 中意的;心爱的

7. selfconfidence n. 自信

8. extraordinary adj. 卓越的;非凡的

【高频短语】

1. be fond of/be keen on 喜欢

2. be/get used to 习惯于

3. be popular with 受……的欢迎

4. appeal to sb 对某人有吸引力

5. be absorbed in 全神贯注于;专心致志于

6. be addicted to 对……上瘾

7. be crazy about 对……狂热

8. be enthusiastic about 对……热心

9. concentrate ones mind on 专心于……

10. focus on 致力于;使聚焦于

11. make a difference 有影响;起（重要）作用

12. in ones spare time 在某人的业余时间

【主题整合】

兴趣种类

1. pop music 流行音乐

2. literature 文学

3. play basketball/soccer 打篮球/踢足球

4. go to the cinema/movies 去看电影

5. go to a concert 去听音乐会

6. go for picnics/sightseeing 去野餐/观光

7. go camping 去野营

8. surf the Internet 上网

9. fly kites 放风筝

个人爱好

1. stamp/coin collecting 集邮/收藏硬币

2. play computer games 电脑游戏

3. play musical instrument 演奏乐器

4. play the guitar 弹吉他

5. play table tennis 打乒乓球

6. go dancing/swimming 去跳舞/去游泳

7. go hiking 徒步旅行;远足

8. go skiing/skating/cycling 去滑雪/滑冰/骑自行车

（二）写作词汇运用（悉其用）

根据汉语提示或所给单词的正确形式完成句子。

1. I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me

（主修） the gardening after attending college.

2. I can never stop the love for reading because books are like       （良师益友） in my life.

3. There are a variety of books for us       （可供选择）， like history books， science books，literary books and so on.

4. Books help to improve my writing skills and       （开阔视野）.

5. Books can       （rich） my life and provide me with great fun.

6. I can make a lot of friends       （通过打篮球） and we can share our success and failure.

7. After graduation from college I will devote my life to       （cultivate） the flowers and grasses to turn my country into a more beautiful place and attract more foreigners to visit it.

8. Every player should       （与……合作）  other players in the team.

9. Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you， where the atmosphere of the garden appeared       （total）more than the sum of its parts？

10. Our model of what a garden should be often       （追溯到） childhood.（go）

（三）核心句型表达（精于表）

根据要求翻译下列句子。

1. 直到她摘下墨镜，我才意识到她是一位著名的电影明星。

译法一：（陈述语序）

译法二：（用强调句）

译法三：（用倒装句）

2. 我不能肯定她是否同意我的写作计划。

译法一：（用同位语从句）

译法二：（宾语从句;doubt）

3. 致力于创作儿童歌曲的他，受到了周围人的赞扬。

译法一：（并列句）

译法二：（用现在分词短语作状语）

译法三：（用ed形式短语作状语）

4. 他宁愿在家看电视也不愿意去听音乐会。

译法一：（用prefer to do A rather than do B句式）

译法二：（用would do A rather than do B句式）

译法三：（用would rather do A than do B句式）

译法四：（用prefer doing A to doing B句式）

5. 他的小说一写完就被出版社出版了。

译法一：（含on/upon+doing sth句式）

译法二：（含instantly/immediately/directly引导的时间状语从句）

译法三：（含the instant/moment/minute引导的时间状语从句）

译法四：（倒装句;Hardly/Scarcely...when...）

译法五：（倒装句;No sooner...than...）

知识维度诊断评价

Ⅰ. 单句填空

1. I am very glad that your school will hold the English Summer Camp that （contain） many courses， such as gardening， cooking， selfdefense， nursing and so on.

2. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden， start by taking some time

（recall） the gardens of your youth.

3. I especially like playing in the garden， I can enjoy the beauty of nature.

4. I can realize it is hard work for the gardeners （water） the plants much more.

5. At the same time， I wish to get much more information about gardening so as to study it more （easy） when I enter university.

6. I can also learn a lot from playing basketball with others， makes me understand that there is no “I” in the team.

7. Dealing with my collection of stamps not only gives me great （satisfy） but also helps me relax under the great pressure of studies.

8. Whats more， I even earn money by （sell） some stamps and my collection will be more valuable as time goes by.

9. What interests me most is literary books， especially those famous writers.

10. My favorite sport is basketball， which can help me to keep （health） and happy.

Ⅱ. 單句改错

1. I had always been fond of collecting stamps since I was a child.

2. As far as Im concerned， collect stamps is a meaningful hobby， helping me to know a lot.

3. In my point of view， books are the source of knowledge， in which I benefit a great deal.

4. Isnt it pleasure to have great calm in mind while you are reading？

5. I have been a shooter for 16 years and enjoy my sports.

6. Some people may think that a garden is not more than plants， flowers， patterns and masses of color.

7. Many people are concerned about use gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers.

8. There are a number of reasons that might explain what you want to garden.

9. I want to register to attend a course about gardening because I had liked flowers and grasses since I was a little child.

10. Go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memory to your grown up garden.

Ⅲ. 语篇填空

选用所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文意思完整。

Why I read

I grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely 1. with bookshelves. In fact， I grew up thinking reading as natural as breathing and books are 2. powerful in shaping perspectives by creating worlds we could step into， take part in and live in. With this 3. belief， I， at fourteen， decided to become a writer. Here too， reading became useful. Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say， but being 4. to find the right ways to say it. He cannot write without 5. to read， because only through reading other peoples writing can one discover what works， what doesnt and， in the end， what voice he has.

Now I am in college， and have come to realize how important it is 6. fiction. As a law student， my reading is in fact limited to subject matter—the volume of what I have to read for classes every week means there is little time to read 7. else. Such reading made it all the clearer to me that I live in a very small part in this great place called life. Reading fiction 8. me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road， all from the comfort of my own armchair， to experience， though secondhand， exciting 9. that I wouldnt 10. be able to have in my lifetime.

素養维度发展评价（见第55～57页）