Unit 2词汇要点讲解

李天雨

1. cheer v. 欢呼;喝彩

Every time our basketball team scores a goal， each of our classmates cheers loudly. 每当我们篮球队进了球，我们每个同学都大声欢呼。

Dear students， please cheer for our youth. 同学们，请为我们的青春喝彩。

【拓展】 cheer up 振奋起来

I think he misses her terribly. You might cheer him up. 我估计他是太想念她了。也许你可以让他打起点儿精神来。

2. satisfaction n. 满足;满意

He was glad and nodded with satisfaction. 他很高兴，满意地点头。

【拓展】 satisfying adj. 令人满意的;令人满足的，形容物;satisfied adj. 感到满意的，形容人;satisfy vi. 令人满意;令人满足vt. 满足;使满意

3. volunteer n. 义务工作者;志愿者

vt. 义务（做）;自愿（做）

She was a volunteer; she hadnt had to be press-ganged. 她是一个志愿者，不一定非是受人迫使的。

They volunteered to repair the house for the old lady. 他们主动提出替老太太修缮房子。

4. lonely adj. 孤独的;寂寞的

I feel very lonely without my good friend. 我的好朋友不在旁边我就很寂寞。

【辨析】 lonely和alone

lonely是形容词，alone是副词。lonely是指心灵上的，意为“寂寞，孤独”。alone是指行为或动作上的，意为“单独，独自”。

She lives alone and often feels lonely. 她孑然一身，常感到寂寞。

I dont like going out alone at night. 我不喜欢夜晚单独外出。

5. excited adj. 激动的;兴奋的

I am excited at the news. 听到这个消息我很兴奋。

Are you excited about going to Beijing？ 你对去北京感到兴奋吗？

【辨析】 excited和exciting

excited与 exciting都是形容词。excited意为“兴奋的”，一般修饰人;而exciting意为“令人感到兴奋的”，一般修饰物。如：interest， frighten， surprise， move， terrify等，这些词的  -ed形容词和-ing形容词的用法都与之相似。

6. disabled adj. 丧失能力的;有残疾的

The accident disabled his father for work last year. 去年的一起事故使他的爸爸丧失了工作能力。

Her family is very poor because her father is ill and he is disabled. 她的家庭很穷，因为她父亲病了，而且残疾。

7. understand v. 懂;理解;領会

understand的过去式是understood。

They are too young to understand what is going on. 他们还太小，不明白发生了什么事。

It would be nice to have someone who really understood me， a friend. 要是有个真正理解我的朋友就好了。

8. several pron. 几个;数个;数人;数件物

Several hundred students are climbing the mountain. 几百名学生正在爬山。

Theyve been to the hospital several times. 他们已经去医院好几次了。

9. feeling n. 感觉，感触

It doesnt matter if you fail. I know your feeling now. 失败了没关系，我理解你此刻的感受。

I also had a strange feeling in my neck. 我的脖子感觉也很奇怪。

10. journey n. （尤指长途）旅行，行程

When you make a journey， you might travel from your hometown to my city. 当你旅行的时候，你可以从你的家乡旅行到我的城市。

【辨析】 trip， journey和travel

（1） trip常指短距离的、直达目的地的旅行，在日常用语中，trip可与journey通用。

I am going on a trip to the seaside during the summer holidays. 暑假期间我将去海边旅行。

（2） journey主要指单程较远距离。

Mr. Smith made a journey from Paris to New York. 史密斯先生作了一次从巴黎到纽约的旅行。

（3） travel泛指一般意义的旅行，是不可数名词。

He is fond of travel （= travelling）. 他喜欢旅行。

11. fix v. 修理;安装

Can you help me fix my radio？ 你能帮我修理一下收音机吗？

【辨析】 mend， repair和fix

三者都表修理。

（1） mend指修理一些小用具、玩具、要缝补的衣物等。

Mom， my coat is broken. Can you mend it？ 妈妈，我的上衣坏了，你能帮我缝补一下吗？

（2） repair指修理一些破损、毁坏的、不能正常使用的物品。

When I got home， my father was repairing his bike. 当我到家的时候，爸爸正在修理他的自行车。

（3） fix指大型设备需要安装、装配。

Hes outside fixing the brakes on the car. 他在外面修理汽车的刹车。

12. clean up 打扫干净;整理

We have to clean up the classroom before we leave. 我们必须把教室打扫干净才能走。

【拓展】 动词之后加介词或副词构成短语，表达一种特定的含义，称为短语动词。如：look at 看;look like 看上去像;look after 照料;listen to 听;welcome to 欢迎到……;say hello to 向……问好;speak to 对……说;put on 穿上;take off 脱下;起飞;write down 记下;come on 赶快;get up 起床;come in 进来;sit down 坐下;stand up起立等。

【牛刀小试】

一、根据句意及汉语提示填写所缺单词或短语。

1. You could ________ （分发） food at the food bank to help feed them.

2. I want to ________ （使变得更高兴） my grandparents.

3. —What does your friend want to do this summer holiday？

—He wants to ________ （自愿做） in an orphanage （孤兒院）.

4. Look at the ________ （标志） on the wall. Dont use your mobile phone here.

5. Monday is our schools ________ （清洁） Day.

二、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. He smiled in ________ （satisfied） when he won the game.

2. We cant put off ________ （make） a plan.

3. The ________ （own） of the shop was cleaning the floor when I walked in.

4. I got the ________ （feel） that he didnt like me.

5. On my way to school， I noticed some

________ （break） chairs on the right side of the road.

三、从方框中选择合适的短语并用其适当形式完成句子。

[ put up， hand out， call up， cheer up，

come up with， give out， put off ]

1. I want to ________ my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer. Im too busy with my studies this year.

2. She hopes to ________ at least five primary schools to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school programs.

3. Our class is trying to ________ some ideas to ________ sick children because they are often sad.

4. We decided to ________ signs around the school and ________ notices to tell students about the book sale.

5. We will ________ the money from the sale to homeless people.

四、根据汉语意思完成句子。

1. We must find a person ________________ （做这项工作）.

2. In my family， my mother is always the first one ________________ （起床）.

3. Do you have ________________ （什么问题要问）？

4. Please tell me ________________ （怎样念这个词）.

5. I havent decided ________________ （买哪一件衬衫）.