反身代词用法考点探究

2020-10-26 02:24曲永华
考试与评价·八年级版 2020年1期
关键词:同位语代词宾语

曲永华

反身代词:动作的承受者是动作执行者本身或强调动作所涉及的人称的代词,也就是表示“我自己、你自己、我们自己”等的代词。

名师点拨:

考点1. 可用作宾语,反身代词在句中作宾语,译为“……自己”,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。

He taught himself English. 他自学英语。

Maria bought herself a scarf. 玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾。

We must look after ourselves very well. 我们必须好好照顾自己。

典型考例:

1. Dont worry, the girl is old enough to look after ______.

A. herself          B. her       C. hers     D. she

思路点拨:

考查代词辨析。句意:别担心,这个女孩足够大了,能够照顾好她自己。the girl和后面的动词短语look after是动宾关系,即look after的宾语和the girl是同一个人。

答案:A

2. Teenagers should learn how to protect ______ (they) from all kinds of danger.

思路點拨:

考查反身代词的用法。句意:青少年应该学会如何在各种危险的状况下保护自己。所给词they与句中主语teenagers指的是同一些人,在句中作protect的宾语。

答案:themselves

3. Our teachers and parents will be proud of us because we have grown up and can be responsible for (对……负责) ______.

A. themselves                    B. ourselves

C. yourselves

思路点拨:

句意:我们的老师和家长会为我们感到骄傲,因为我们已经长大了,能够为自己负责。themselves“他们自己”;ourselves“我们自己”;yourselves“你(们)自己”。根据文中because we have grown up and can be responsible... 可知下文是说“我们自己”。

答案:B

4. —Jack, you swam very well. Who taught you?

—Nobody. I taught ______.

A. I                           B. me

C. myself                    D. mine

思路点拨:

句意:——杰克,你游得很好。谁教你的?——没有人。我自学的。I“我”,主格代词;me“我”,宾格代词;myself “我们自己”,反身代词;mine“我的”,名词性物主代词。结合语境可知,杰克是自学的游泳,因此teach后跟反身代词,teach oneself “自学”。

答案:C

5. Nobody taught the old lady how to use Wechat. She learned it all by ______.

A. she                          B. her

C. herself                   D. hers

思路点拨:

短语by oneself意为“独自;单独”。此处指这位老妇人自己学会使用了微信。

答案:C

考点2. 可用作表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。

The boy in the photo is myself, not Tom. 照片中的那个人是我自己,不是汤姆。

She isnt quite herself today. 她今天身体不太舒服。

考点3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语,作同位语表强调,译为“亲自、本人”,常用来加强语气。

She herself will fly to London tomorrow. (主语同位语) 明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。

I met the writer himself last week. (宾语同位语) 我上周见到了那位作家本人。

考点4. 用在某些固定短语当中。

look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己

teach oneself sth. / learn sth. by oneself 自学

enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快

help oneself to sth. 请自用……(随便吃/喝些……)

hurt oneself 摔伤自己

say to oneself 自言自语

leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下

buy oneself sth. 给自己买……

introduce oneself 介绍自己

by oneself 靠自己;

dress oneself 打扮;自己穿衣服

come to oneself 苏醒

易错知识警示:

1. 反身代词不能单独作主语,但可以作主语的同位语,起强调作用。

他自己能完成作业。

(误) Himself can finish his homework.

(正) He himself can finish his homework.

(正) He can finish his homework himself.

2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”,不能表示“某人的东西”,因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的(东西)”时,需要用ones own。

我用我自己的蜡笔画画。

(误) Im drawing with myself crayons.

(正) Im drawing with my own crayons.

巧学妙记:

反身代词表自身,句中可作三成分

动介后面用作宾,表示动作回自身

句中强调同位语,主语宾语后边跟

系动词后作表语,这个用法要牢记。

【反身代词过关擂台赛】

一、单项选择。

1. Those girls enjoyed ______ in the party last night.

A. them                             B. they

C. themselves        D. herself

2. Help ______ to some fish, children.

A. yourself               B. your

C. yours                   D. yourselves

3. The film ______ is very fun.

A. its    B. itself           C. it        D. its

4. —Who teaches ______ math?

—I teach ______.

A. your; myself       B. you; myself

C. you; me                D. you; herself

5. Luckily, he didnt hurt ______ terribly yesterday.

A. him                       B. themselves

C. himself               D. they

二、用適当的反身代词填空。

1. Bad luck! I cut ______ with a knife yesterday.

2. They tell us they can look after ______ very well.

3. My cat can find food by ______.

4. Help ______ to some beef, boys.

5. Bill wants to teach ______ French from now on.

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