从及物性系统角度分析《最蓝的眼睛》中克罗地亚姐妹

张德芳

摘  要：基于系統功能语法的研究理论，本文着重分析了莫里森的处女作《最蓝的眼睛》中克罗地亚姐妹的及物性特征。即文本的语意是如何通过语言特征表现出来的。

关键词：系统功能语法;及物性;最蓝的眼睛

Transitivity Analysis of Claudia Sisters in the Bluest Eye

Abstract：Based on functional stylistic linguistics，this article aims to have a transitivity analysis of Claudia sisters in the Bluest Eye，Morrisons first novel.Thematic meaning is fully developed by the language features.

Key words：functional stylistic linguistics，transitivity，the Bluest Eye

The functional stylistic analysis presented in this thesis has been founded on the work by the social semiotic linguist M.A.K.Halliday.Through the work of Halliday and his associates，systemic functional linguistics has been developed to be an effective and useful framework for language study，Which considers language as meaning potential resources.

The Bluest Eye is Tony Morrisons first novel，published in 1970 when she was thirty-nine.Most of the novel is narrated by a young black girl，Claudia MacTeer，who was born in a poor but warm black family in Lorain，Ohio，in the 1940s.However，the primary focus of the novel is Pecola Breedlove，another young black girl who lives in quite different surroundings from Claudia.

As protectors of Pecola，Claudia sisters act as participants in 11 processes，Frieda acts as agents in 9 material processes，and Claudia acts as behaver in 1 behavioral process and as sensor in 2 mental processes.It is worth stressing that Morrison employs a series of impetuous verbs（most are transitive verbs）to illustrate Friedas anger and braveness.They are：

[4-17] snatched her coat from her head

[4-18] threw it on the ground

[4-19] ran toward them

[4-20] brought her books down on Woodrow Cain's head.

Frieda shows her indignation by rebelling against Cain with a series of actions.She responds quickly，trying to find out a way to deal with the situation，without reflections on the reason.This can be explained that she is more vulnerable to her communitys value and has accepted more or less the White beauty standard.Consciously，she has got why;unconsciously，she revolts against it，for she still bears some Black tradition.In particular，the four continuous verbs are quite impressing，which expresses Friedas courage，resolution and righteousness.

But when it comes to Claudia，it is another story.She was wondering why.

[4-21] I had never heard Frieda's voice so loud and clear.

[4-22] I had found my tongue.

In [4-21]，a mental process，“heard” plus negative word never reveals Claudias astoundment more than action orientation.It seems that she does not focus on the fight site;instead，she is calculating why this happened.When her sister has taken actions，she was just knocked by her sisters bursting out.Meanwhile in [4-22]，the author uses an existent word found，instead of “said” or “shouted” or “yelled” and the like，indicating that she herself was not completely aware of what she said.It seems that Claudia lost her tongue just now，and until this moment she regains it.She has spent her time on speculation.

References

[1] Wood，M.Tony Morrisons The Bluest Eye [M].New York：InfoBase Publishing，2007.

[2] 申丹（Shen Dan）.功能文体学再思考.《外语教学与研究》[J]，2002，（3）.

[3] Tony Morrison，Selena Ward.The Bluest Eye [M].Spark Notes LLC，Tianjin Science & Technology Translation & Pushing Co，2009

[4] Yinglin JI，Dan Shen..Transitivity and Mental Transformation：Sheila Watsons the Double Hook.Language and Literature [J].2004.

作者簡介：中国海洋大学文学硕士，本科英语教育专业，系统学习了语言学和教育学，研究生期间，主要研究学习系统功能语言学理论在文学作品中的体现和应用。现从事初中英语教学工作十年，热爱工作，热爱学习。