主题语境十三：娱乐与运动

蒋建平

感知 素养解读

体育运动和娱乐成了人们日常生活，乃至政治、经济活动中不可或缺的一部分。2020年的高考试卷关注体育运动，倡导健康运动理念。

课标中“娱乐与运动”主题涉及的主要内容有：（1）Movies and theater;（2）Music and dance（folk music and dance， popular music and classical music）;（3）Team games（football， basketball， volleyball， etc.）;（4）Games of two or four（table tennis， tennis， golf， etc.）;（5）Racing（running， swimming， horse racing， etc.）;（6）International sports events（Olympic Games， World Cup， Football League， etc.）;（7）Spectators and fans;（8）Physical exercises。

“娱乐与运动”主题书面表达体裁较为灵活，一般为记叙文、说明文、议论文、通知、演讲稿等。常用的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时等。

关于“娱乐与运动”主题的写作常有以下几个命题角度：

1. 介绍某种娱乐与体育运动项目或影视

节目;

2. 写信申请要成为2022年北京冬季奥运会的志愿者;

3. 假如你是志愿者，请向外国人介绍2022年北京冬奥会的吉祥物和会徽;

4. 介绍乒乓球（table tennis）或体操（gymnastics）的起源、竞赛方式、项目、比赛规则等;

5. 介绍中国的民族乐器二胡的起源、发展历史、材质等;

6. 请就“音乐对青少年的成长的影响”发表看法;

7. 请就“明星的志愿行为”发表看法。

探究 语库构建

语境串记

Focus on the Olympic spirit of participation

Everybody loves a winner. Across the world， countries greet their Olympic gold medalists with joy and acclaim. In Singapore， Joseph Schooling， the city?states first ever gold medalist， has become a national hero and 1.____________（greet） with a standing ovation in parliament. In the US， the extraordinary gymnast， Simone Biles， 2.____________ has won four gold medals in Rio， has become the face of the Games. Meanwhile， the British were astonished and delighted to find Team GB， 3.____________ （head） into the last weekend of the Olympics， in second place in the medal table.

Yet amid all this 4.____________（celebrate） of triumph and victory， it is important to remember the words of Pierre de Coubertin， the 5.____________（found） of the modern Olympics， who said， “The most

important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning 6. ____________taking part.”

The truth is that any athlete who has made it to the Olympics—let alone 7.____________ Olympic final—has achieved something remarkable. Simply to be 8.____________（qualify） for the Games requires enormous levels of dedication and effort. That， in turn， makes it even 9.____________（hard） to accept defeat with good grace. Those athletes who remain true to the spirit of Coubertin， despite all these 10.____________（pressure）， are just as inspirational as the winners of gold medals.

聚焦“重在參与”的奥运精神

人人都爱胜利者。世界各地的国家都以喜悦和欢呼声迎接他们的奥运冠军。在新加坡，这个城邦有史以来第一位奥运金牌得主约瑟林成了民族英雄，在议会受到了集体起立鼓掌欢迎。在美国，这个出类拔萃的体操运动员——里约奥运会4块金牌得主西蒙·拜尔斯，成了奥运会的象征。与此同时，英国人惊讶、欣喜地发现，到了奥运会的最后一个周末，英国代表队在奥运金牌榜上竟然排名第二。

不过，在庆祝成功与胜利之际，重要的是记住现代奥运会创始人皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦曾经说的话：“奥林匹克运动会最重要的不是取胜，而是参与。”

事实上，任何一个参加奥运会的运动员——更不用说进入奥运会决赛的运动员——都已经取得了令人瞩目的成绩。单单取得奥运会参赛资格，便需要巨大的投入和努力。因此，以良好的风度接受失败更显难能可贵。那些在压力之下仍然坚持顾拜旦精神的运动员，和金牌得主一样鼓舞人心。

素材积累

一、阅读词汇整合（明其义）

【核心单词】

1. conduct v. 指挥;引导;带领

conductor n. 指挥

2. admit v. 承认;准许（入场、入学、入会）

admission n. 准许加入

3. perform v. 表演

performance n. 演出;表演

performer n. 演员;表演者

4. direct v. 导演;指挥

director n. 导演;指挥者

5. act v. 扮演 n. （戏剧的）一幕

actor n. 男演员

actress n. 女演员

6. compete v. 竞争;参加比赛

competitor n. 竞争者;对手

competition n. 比赛;竞争

7. amused adj. 逗乐的

amusing adj. 有乐趣的;逗人笑的

8. entertain v. 招待;使快乐;使感兴趣

entertaining adj. 有趣的;使人愉快的

entertainment n. 娱乐

9. stage 舞台;戏剧

10. interval 幕间休息

11. audience 听众;观众

12. interpret 演绎

13. concert 音乐会

14. live 现场直播的

15. pretend 装扮

16. character 角色;性格;特征

17. clap 鼓掌

【高频短语】

1. stand for 代表

2. put on 上演

3. give up 放弃

4. burst into 突然爆发

5. take the lead 领先;一马当先

6. hold ones breath 屏住呼吸

7. build up ones body 增强某人的体质

【主题整合】

音乐类型

1. rap 说唱音乐

2. blues 布鲁斯音乐

3. rock 摇滚音乐

4. folk 民间音乐

5. jazz 爵士樂

6. country music 乡村音乐

7. popular/pop 通俗的;流行的（音乐）

8. classical 古典的（音乐）

9. symphony 交响乐;交响曲

10. opera 歌剧

影视类型

1. documentary 纪录片

2. action movie 动作片

3. cartoon 卡通片;动画片

4. comedy 喜剧

5. tragedy 悲剧

6. horror 恐怖片

7. thriller 惊险电影

8. detective film 侦探电影

运动项目

1. marathon 马拉松

2. boxing 拳击

3. rugby 橄榄球

4. badminton 羽毛球

5. baseball 棒球

6. wrestling 摔跤

7. skiing 滑雪

8. skating 滑冰

9. shooting 射击

10. diving 跳水

11. gymnastics 体操

体育比赛

1. judge 裁判

2. referee 裁判员

3. athlete 运动员

4. race 竞争;赛跑

5. tournament 锦标赛

6. league 联赛;联盟

7. defend 防守

8. victory 胜利

9. defeat/beat 击败;战胜

10. prize 奖品;奖金

11. medal 奖牌;奖章

12. cheer 欢呼;喝彩

13. break the record 打破纪录

14. end in a tie 不分胜负;打成平局

二、写作词汇运用（悉其用）

根据汉语提示或用所给单词的正确形式完成句子。

1. Researchers acknowledge that certain ty?pes of music can aid________________________  （relax） by lowering heart rates and blood pressure.

2.________________________  （除了） improving crea?tivity， learning music cultivates many skills that will continue to be useful to your children throughout their lives.

3. Learning a musical instrument will help your children develop concentration， patience and perseverance， which will help them later in life________________________ （面对困难与挑战）.

4. The________________________ （encourage） of a teacher and the enthusiasm of parents will certainly build up a childs sense of pride and confidence.

5. There are many benefits of taking physical exercise. Firstly， physical exercise can help to protect us from disease and________________________ （增強体质）. Secondly， it can also make us relaxed and happy.

6. Enjoying artistic gymnastics requires si?lence and mobile phones are not allowed in shooting centers， because the noises you make will certainly________________________ （分散运动员注意力）， which will cause them to fail in the game.

7. Recently our school held a basketball game between teachers and students to improve the relationship between us. It________________________

（结果证明） to be an unforgettable experience.

8. As an athlete， if I were________________________

（annoy） by the audiences， I would be unhappy and upset.

9. I might even play badly and finally lost the game. Besides， I would ________________________（投诉） to the referee about the noises.

10. Athletes from our school team have won many gold medals of table tennis contests in recent years and the coaching team is also very

________________________ （专业的）.

三、核心句型表达（精于表）

根据要求翻译下列句子。

1. 我因为惊讶于他们娴熟的球技，所以下定决心要变得和他们一样厉害。

译法一：（含原因状语从句）

________________________________________________________________________

译法二：（过去分词作原因状语）

________________________________________________________________________

2. 他们不仅违反了观众行为准则，而且他们的不良行为也会导致运动员在比赛中失败。

译法一：（用not only...but also句型）

________________________________________________________________________

译法二：（倒装句）

________________________________________________________________________

3. 我已成功入选第十四届全运会志愿者，这次全运会计划在八月底举办。

译法一：（并列句）

________________________________________________________________________

译法二：（含非限制性定语从句）

________________________________________________________________________

4. 毋庸置疑，早睡早起对我们的健康很有益处。

译法一：（用It goes without saying that...句型）

________________________________________________________________________

译法二：（用There is no doubt that...句型）

________________________________________________________________________

实践 主题测评

知识维度诊断评价

Ⅰ. 单句填空

1. The picture shows that five rings ________________________（link） together to represent the sporting friendship of all people.

2. The flame of the Olympic Games________________________ （symbol） the continuity between the ancient and modern games.

3. The Olympic Games are an international sports festival________________________ （hold） every four years.

4. Hes going to talk about________________________ is the right person you can find to produce your music.

5. Her joy in winning a bronze medal demonstrated that there are ways to win worldwide respect that do not________________________ （necessary） involve winning a gold.

6. That demonstration of how to cope with________________________ （disappoint） was an example not just to other athletes， but to all those who strive to achieve a goal， in any field， and fall just short.

7. Tokyo 2020 organizers released a new Olympic logo________________________ （feature） traditional Japanese designs on Monday， seven months after they were forced to drop the original one over accusations of copying.

8.________________________  （compose） of three varieties of rectangular shapes， the design represents different countries， cultures and ways of thinking.

9. This is a good chance for anyone________________________ wants to learn how to do comedy.

10. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best?selling CD， with James Pickering

________________________ the piano.

Ⅱ. 单句改错

1. Were bringing you a exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands.

________________________

2. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy， and practices many different ways of make people laugh.________________________

3. Students interested in working for the Athletic Department should contact with the Athletic Coordinator at their respective （各自的） campuses.________________________

4. This camp， that will open in the Summer Palace on July 20th， offers us teenagers a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture.________________________

5. Students in this position will be keeping lively statistics during basketball games.

Ⅲ. 情境写作

以“以德树人， 文化圆梦”为主题的第十四届校园艺术节晚会于今日闭幕。请给你校的校报Campus Today写一篇短文，报道晚会的情况。短文的要点如下：

1. 晚会概况;

2. 节目简介;

3. 对演出的评价。

注意：

1. 词数100左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：以德树人，文化圆梦 virtuous campus， cultural dreams

（主题语境十三：素养维度发展评价，见第51～52页）