脉冲染料激光联合点阵铒激光治疗痤疮后增生性瘢痕的修复效果及对皮肤屏障功能的影响

2022-05-28 14:32熊瑛吴铮陈敏聪包丽婷
中国美容医学 2022年4期
关键词:痤疮

熊瑛 吴铮 陈敏聪包丽婷

[摘要]目的:探討脉冲染料激光联合点阵铒激光治疗痤疮后增生性瘢痕患者的瘢痕修复效果及对皮肤屏障的影响。方法:选取2019年12月-2020年8月笔者医院收治126例的痤疮后增生性瘢痕患者为研究对象,以随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组63例。对照组实施点阵铒激光治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上实施脉冲染料激光治疗,两组均持续治疗4个月。比较两组治疗4个月后的瘢痕修复效果,治疗期间的临床指标,治疗前、治疗4个月后的皮肤屏障功能及生活质量。结果:治疗4个月后,观察组瘢痕修复总有效率为87.30%,高于对照组的66.67%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组皮肤红肿、炎性渗出及愈合时间均短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗4个月后两组皮肤经皮水分丢失量、红斑指数均降低,观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组角质层含水量、痤疮症状、自我感知、情感功能及社会功能评分均升高,观察组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:脉冲染料激光联合点阵铒激光可明显缩短痤疮后增生性瘢痕患者皮肤红肿、炎性渗出及愈合时间,并可改善患者皮肤屏障功能,提高生活质量,进而有助于提高瘢痕修复效果。

[关键词]痤疮;增生性瘢痕;脉冲染料激光;点阵铒激光;修复效果;皮肤屏障功能

[中图分类号]R758.73+3    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455(2022)04-0028-04

Effect of Pulsed Fuel Laser Combined with Fractional Erbium Laser on Scar Repair and Skin Barrier in Function Patients with Post-acne Hypertrophic Scar

XIONG Ying1,WU Zheng2,CHEN Mincong1,BAO Liting1

(1.Department of Dermatology and Venereology,Longgang District Hospital for Chronic Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen 518100,Guangdong,China;2.Department of Dermatology,People's Hospital of Longgang District,Shenzhen 518100,Guangdong,China)

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of pulsed fuel laser combined with fractional erbium laser on scar repair and skin barrier function in patients with post-acne hypertrophic scar. Methods 126 patients with post-acne hypertrophic scar admitted to our hospital from December 2019 to August 2020 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into the control group and the observation group by a random number table,with 63 cases in each group.The control group received fractional erbium laser treatment, and the observation group received pulsed fuel laser treatment on the basis of the control group.Both groups continued treatment for 4 months.The scar repair effect of the two groups after 4 months of treatment,the clinical indicators during treatment,the skin barrier and the quality of life before and after 4 months of treatment were compared between the two groups. Results  After 4 months of treatment,the total effective rate of scar repair in the observation group was 87.30%, higher than 66.67% in the control group (P<0.05).The time of skin redness, inflammatory exudation and healing of the observation group were shorter than the control group (P<0.05).Compared with before treatment, after 4 months of treatment,the skin water loss and erythema indexes of the two groups decreased, the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.05).While the cuticle water content, the scores of acne symptoms, self-perception, emotional function,and social function increased,the observation group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Pulsed fuel laser combined with fractional erbium laser could significantly shorten the time of skin redness,inflammatory exudation and healing of patients with post-acne hypertrophic scar,and could improve the skin barrier function of patients, improve the quality of life,and help improve the scar repair effect.

Key words: acne; hypertrophic scar; pulsed fuel laser; fractional erbium laser; repair effect; skin barrier function

寻常痤疮若未对患者进行及时有效治疗,愈合后可形成增生性瘢痕,进而对患者面容美观造成严重影响[1-2]。目前,临床治疗痤疮后增生性瘢痕多以激光治疗为主,其中点阵铒激光作用于患者面部皮肤可在一定程度上促进其面部损伤组织在短时间内修复,但近年来有研究指出[3],仅靠点阵铒激光治疗的效果不理想。而脉冲染料激光是一种基于光热效应的激光技术,其主要通过激活真皮纤维细胞,使胶原纤维重新排列,从而达到修复瘢痕的效果[4]。但目前关于脉冲染料激光联合点阵铒激光治疗对痤疮后增生性瘢痕患者瘢痕修复效果及皮肤屏障的影响仍有待进一步研究,基于此,本研究选取126例痤疮后增生性瘢痕患者进行随机研究,旨在为临床治疗痤疮后增生性瘢痕提供依据,现报道如下。

1  资料和方法

1.1 一般资料:选取2019年12月-2020年8月笔者医院收治的126例痤疮后增生性瘢痕患者为研究对象,以随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组63例。对照组男33例,女30例,年龄18~35岁,平均(26.49±3.05)岁,体质量指数(BMI)19~25 kg/m2,平均(23.22±0.29)kg/m2,病程1~5年,平均(3.41±0.33)年,發病部位其中颞部8例,额部15例,颊部40例;观察组男32例,女31例,年龄18~37岁,平均(26.53±3.08)岁,BMI 19~24 kg/m2,平均(23.18±0.25)kg/m2,病程1~7年,平均(3.45±0.37)年,发病部位其中颞部9例,额部17例,颊部37例。两组患者年龄、性别、BMI、病程及发病部位等一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究经笔者医院医学伦理委员会批准同意。

1.2 纳入和排除标准

1.2.1 纳入标准:①符合《现代瘢痕学》[5]中关于增生性瘢痕的相关诊断标准,且符合《中国痤疮治疗指南(2019修订版)》[6]中关于痤疮的相关诊断标准者;②对脉冲染料激光及点阵铒激光不具有相关禁忌证者;③无语言及认知障碍,能够积极配合治疗者;④对本研究知情同意者;⑤临床资料齐全者。

1.2.2 排除标准:①伴有皮肤癌及激光换肤治疗史者;②近3个月内服用过光敏药物者;③皮损周围伴有皮肤感染,且为瘢痕体质者;④合并严重恶性肿瘤、凝血功能异常、血液系统疾病及自身免疫性疾病者;⑤心、肝、肾等重要器官严重损害者;⑥妊娠及哺乳期女性。

1.3 治疗方法:观察组给予脉冲染料激光联合点阵铒激光治疗,即每个月第1周第1天先对患者实施脉冲染料激光治疗,仪器选用Vbeam脉冲染料激光治疗仪(购自美国CADE-LA公司),治疗能量10~15 J/cm2,频率1.5 Hz,光斑直径7 mm,脉宽1.5~2.0 ms,并根据瘢痕面积进行调整;第2周第1天实施点阵铒激光治疗,仪器选用非剥脱点阵铒激光治疗仪(购自韩国Sellas公司),能量5~50 J/cm2,光斑密度49~256 PPA,1次/月;对照组则仅实施点阵铒激光治疗,方法同观察组。两组均持续治疗4个月。

1.4 观察指标

1.4.1 瘢痕修复效果:治疗前、治疗4个月后,根据痤疮瘢痕权重评分下降指数(SSRI)[7]评估两组瘢痕修复效果,并由同一医师进行评估,其中SSRI≤0.3为无效,0.36a36c1b8dfada33070852a76f21d4c47

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