重点句型要览

2023-06-11 17:14崔翠菊
初中生学习指导·提升版 2023年5期
关键词:剖析宾语形容词

崔翠菊

1. Whats the matter? 怎么了?

【解析】Whats the matter?意为“怎么了?”“出什么事了?”,通常用于询问某人哪里不舒服或遇到了什么麻烦,也可以用来询问某物出了什么毛病或有什么问题。matter后面可以加上with sb. / sth.。如:

—Whats the matter with Helen? 海伦怎么了?

—She has a fever. 她发烧了。

—Whats the matter with the clock? 这个闹钟怎么了?

—It doesnt work. 它不走了。

【拓展】Whats the matter (with sb. / sth.)?相当于Whats wrong (with sb. / sth.)?,两者可以互换使用。如:

Whats the matter with Su Yang?

= Whats wrong / the trouble with Su Yang? 苏阳怎么了?

【典型例题】—You dont look well.__________with you?

— I have a fever and cant stop coughing.

A. Whats happening B. What is it

C. Whats on D. Whats the matter

【答案剖析】D. 考查“Whats the matter?”句型。根据答语“我发烧了并且不停地咳嗽”可知,问句表示“你怎么了?”,故选D。

2. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一名登山者,阿隆习惯于冒险。

【解析】be used to (doing) sth. 意为“习惯于(做)某事”,其中to是介词,其后要接名词、代词或V-ing形式。与其类似的结构还有get used to (doing) sth.,但二者用法略有不同:be used to (doing) sth. 强调的是“习惯了”这个状态,而get used to (doing) sth. 表示“逐渐习惯”,强调的是由“不习惯”到“习惯”的这个过程。如:

We are used to the weather in the south of China. 我们习惯了中国南方的天气。

I do a lot of housework every day, so Im used to it. 我每天做很多家務,已经习惯了。

Dad is used to looking through the newspaper before going to bed.

爸爸习惯了在睡觉前浏览报纸。

James soon got used to the life in the new school. 詹姆斯很快就适应了新学校的生活。

These young men have got used to staying up at night. 这些年轻人已经习惯了熬夜。

【拓展】used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”,表示过去的习惯性动作或状态。构成否定句和疑问句时常用didnt use to do sth.和Did ... use to do sth.? 如:

Andy used to play the guitar, but now he is interested in playing basketball.

安迪过去常常弹吉他,但现在他对打篮球感兴趣。

be used to do有“被用来……”之意,to为不定式符号,其后要接动词原形。如:

Wood is always used to make desks and chairs. 木料常被用来做桌椅。

【典型例题】(2021·广西·百色) I used to__________at half past six, but now I am getting used to__________at seven.

A. getting up; get up B. get up; getting up

C. got up; getting up D. got up; get up

【答案剖析】B. 考查used to do sth.和get used to doing sth.句型,前者意为“过去常常做某事”;后者意为“习惯于做某事”。根据句意可知选B。

3. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 有了你的帮助,我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”(狗名)。

【解析】在make, think, find, feel等动词之后如果要接动词不定式作宾语,而宾语又带一个形容词或名词作宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将动词不定式放在宾语补足语之后,即“主语 + make / find / feel / think + it (形式宾语) + 形容词或名词 (宾语补足语) + 动词不定式短语 (真正宾语)”。如:

Does eating too much chocolate make it easier lead to get fat?

吃太多的巧克力会令我们更容易发胖吗?

I think it easy to answer the question. 我认为回答这个问题很容易。

The boys find it very interesting to play soccer. 男孩们觉得踢足球很有趣。

【典型例题】The computer makes__________possible for many people to work at home.

A. this B. it

C. that D. one

【答案剖析】B. 考查make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.句型,意为“使(某人)做某事成为可能”,其中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语。形容词possible充当宾语补足语,说明宾语的情况或状态。根据句意可知选B。

(作者单位:山东省东明县大屯镇初级中学)

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