反意疑问句常见考点小结

聂小涛

学习反意疑问句要掌握3个基本要点，即否定形式必须缩写，主语必须是人称代词，结构为肯定 + 否定或否定 + 肯定，但应用到各种语态和句型中却有各种变化。反意疑问句，现将反意疑问句常见的考点归纳如下：

一、考查陈述句的反意疑问句

1. 陈述部分的主语是指人的不定代词everyone, everybody, someone, nobody, no one, none, anyone, somebody等时, 反意疑问句中的主语通常用they（有时也用he）。例如：

Everyone here knows him well, doesnt he?

Nobody could make him interested in politics, could they?

2. 陈述部分的主语是指物的不定代词（everything, nothing, something, anything等）、名词性从句、动词不定式短语或动名词时，反意疑问句的主语用it。例如：

What you want to do is to finish your work before she comes, isnt it？

Nothing serious happened, did it?

3. 陈述部分的主语是代词these, those或名词复数时，反意疑问句中的主语必须是they；当主语是指示代词this, that或单数名词时，反意疑问句中的主语必须是it。例如:

Those are not their crops, are they?

This book belongs to Li ping, doesnt it?

注意：主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语用one。例如：

One should be ready to help others, shouldnt one?

4. 陈述部分带有few, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, nowhere, nothing, no one, nobody等表示否定或半否定意义的词时，反意疑问句用肯定形式。注意：该句式的回答时的yes / no往往与中文意义相反，常译为：不 / 对的。例如：

—You have never been to Beijing, have you?—Yes, they have. 你没到过北京，对吗？不，他们到过。

—Little food has been left, has it?

—No, it hasnt. 没有了食物了，对吗？ 对的,没有啦。

5. 陈述句部分的主谓语是I / We think(suppose, consider, believe, guess, expect, imagine等)或者Im sure （We are sure， Im afraid， I feel sure等） that + 宾语从句时，反意疑问句的主、谓语应与宾语从句的主、谓语相一致。例如：Im sure you will help me, wont you?

We think they have finished their homework, havent they?

注意：宾语从句如果转移了否定词，反意疑问句部分要用肯定形式。例如：

I dont think he is a doctor, is he?

6. 陈述句部分是由and (but, so, or等)连接两个并列句时，反意疑问句的主语和谓语必须采用就近一致的原则；当陈述部分是复合句时，反意疑问句的主语和谓语必须与主句保持一致。例如：

She is a doctor but her husband isnt a doctor, is he?

They ran out of the room when they were in danger, didnt they?

注意：当陈述句部分由either ... or ...,not only ... but also ...， not ... but ..., neither ... nor ...等连接并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。例如：

Neither you nor I am a teacher, are we?

7.陈述句部分带有前缀un-, im-, in-, dis-的否定形容词或有否定意义的动词fail, deny, miss, escape等时，此陈述句当作肯定句看待，其后的反意疑问句仍用否定形式。例如：

The students failed to pass the examination, didnt they?

Its illegal to drive a car without a license, isnt it?

8. 陈述部分是there be( live, lie, stand, remain, seem to 等)结构时，它的反意疑问句主语用there。例如：

There is something wrong with your bike, isnt there?

There seems to be a heavy rain today, doesnt there?

二、考查含有情态动词的句子的反意疑问句

1. 陈述部分带情态动词can, may, dare，need， must（必须）, had better, would rather, would like和ought to等时，反意疑问句常用对应的情态动词。例如：

He must study hard at English, mustnt he?

Youd better go home now, hadnt you?

2. 如果must表示“一定，肯定”的推测意义时，反意疑问句必须与must后面的动词相呼应。例如：

You must be very tired, arent you?

They must have gone to the lecture, havent they?

Jack must have arrived here yesterday, didnt he?

三、考查祈使句子的反意疑问句

1. 肯定意义的祈使句的反意疑问句部份用will you，有时也可以用wont you来表达。例如：

Go home now, will you?

Close the window, please, wont you?

2. 否定意义的祈使句的反意疑问句部分只用will you。例如：

Dont be late again, will you?

Never forget to pay your income tax, will you?

3. Lets开头的祈使句，在意义上包含谈话的对方在内，其反意疑问句部分往往用shall we；而Let us 开头的祈使句，在意义上一般不包含谈话的对方在内，反意疑问部分句用will you。例如：

Let us have a look at your new dictionary, will you?

Lets have a look at your new dictionary, shall we?

四、 考查在感叹句子的反意疑问句

感叹句的反意疑问句中的主语和动词应根据具体内容而定，但一律用否定式提问。例如：

What a clever girl, isnt she?

How beautiful the flowers are, arent they?

五、考查特殊句式的反意疑问句

1.陈述部分是“Im ...”结构时，其后的反意疑问句用arent I。例如：

I am not seriously ill, arent I?

2. 陈述部分含有have（has, had）, dare,

need已经成为实义（行为）动词时，反意疑问句用相应的助动词提问。例如：

She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she?

You had a delicious breakfast this morning, didnt you?

3. 陈述部分是“I wish ...”时，反意疑问句用may I? 表示询问或征求意见。例如：

I wish to be allowed to smoke here, may I?

4. 当陈述句含有used to 时，反意疑问句用did（也可用used）：

He used to get up early, didnt he / usednt he?

5. 当陈述句是以so开头的句式时，表明说话者已经知道了答案，并非要对方回答，前后保持语意一致以确认信息而已。例如：

So you dont want to see the film, dont you?

So he remembered to turn off the light when he left the room, did he？

【巩固练习】

1. The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him,______ ?

A. did theyB. didnt they

C. did itD. didnt it

2. Mrs. Black doesnt believe her son is able to design digital camera,______ ?

A. is heB. isnt he

C. doesnt sheD. does she

3. Harry wouldnt become a teacher if it hadnt been for the training,______ ?

A. would heB. had it

C. would itD. had he

4. Im sure youd better accept his offer, ____________?

A. hadnt youB. wouldnt you

C. shouldnt youD. couldnt you

5. —You must do as I tell you.

—Oh, so I must,______ ?

A. should IB. ought I

C. mustnt ID. must I

6. The women carrying babies, come in first,____________?

A. will youB. will they

C. dont theyD. do you

7. What a good time we had at the party,____________?

A. hadnt weB. didnt we

C. had weD. did we

8. —Tom told me that he overslept this______ morning.

—Oh, he rarely used to oversleep,______ ?

A. usednt heB. use he

C. didnt heD. did he

9. I dont think he could have done such a stupid thing last night,______ ?

A. do IB. could I

C. did heD. has he

10. I told you that you shouldnt waste your time playing the computer games,______ ?

A. didnt IB. did I

C. should youD. shouldnt you

11. She is unfit for the position,______ ?

A. is sheB. isnt she

C. doesnt sheD. does she

12. They need our help badly at the moment,____________ ?

A. neednt theyB. need they

C. dont theyD. do they

13. Its a fine day. Lets go fishing,______ ?

A. wont weB. will we

C. dont weD. shall we

14. Frank is working late again. This is the first time this week hes had to study late,______ ?

A. isnt heB. hasnt it

C. hasnt heD. isnt it

15. —Daddys forgot to post the letter again,____________ he?

—Im afraid he______ .

A. has; hasB. isnt; is

C. hasnt; hasD. has; hasnt

16. They must have stayed at home on holiday,______ ?

A. mustnt theyB. havent they

C. didnt theyD. must they

17. There is little we can do about it,______ ?

A. is thereB. cant we

C. isnt thereD. can we

18. —The problem wasnt difficult for him,______was it ?

—______. He should have been given a ______ more difficult one.

A. No, it wasB. Yes, it was

C. Yes, it wasntD. No, it wasnt

19. His wife had the carpets and the curtains cleaned,______ ?

A. hadnt sheB. had she

C. didnt sheD. did she

20. I am very interested in Mark Twains novels,______ ?

A. arent IB. am not I

C. arent youD. are you

Keys: 1-5 DDAAC6-10 ABDCA

11-15 BCDDC16-20 BADCA