小议高考动词短语搭配辨析

王厚梅

高考考查动词短语搭配的试题无论是全国卷Ⅰ、卷Ⅱ还是各省市高考试题中均有出现,题型以单项选择题和完型填空题居多。笔者精心研读了近几年的全国各省市高考题发现,动词短语搭配题型考查的方式最直接,所以最容易得分,只要考生对高中阶段所学的动词短语搭配及常用含义了解和掌握,做对这种题目就是一件很轻松的事。

下面就上述事实举例如下:

1. I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity to ____ through the company into different positions. (全国卷Ⅱ2009)

A. look up B. take up C. move up D. put up

【解析】look up“向上看、抬头看”,take up“拿起、占据”,move up“(使升级)提升”,put up“举起、建立、张贴”。句意:我掌握了基本工作技能,后来获得了晋升的机会。答案为C。

2. Would you please ____ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?(湖北卷2009)

A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through

【解析】look around“环顾,到处看”,look into“调查,浏览,”look up“向上看”,look through“审核,仔细查看”。句意:你能不能帮我看看这份试卷,看有没有明显的错误?答案为D。

3. A notice was ____ in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time. (陕西卷2009)

A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up

【解析】send up“使上升”,give up“放弃”,set up“竖立、创立”,put up“挂起、张贴”。句意:为了提醒学生变更的演讲时间,一个通知被张贴了出来。答案为D。

4. Amy joined a painting group but didnt seem to ____, so she left. (山东卷2009)

A. show off B. go up C. fit in D. come over

【解析】show off“炫耀、使突出”,go up“上涨、提高、增加”,fit in“相处融洁、合得来”,come over“过来、顺便拜访”。句意:艾米参加了一个绘画组,但是似乎和那些人合不来,所以她又退了出来。答案为C。

5. The Somali robbers frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to ____ all nations to take immediate action.(福建卷2009)

A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on

【解析】fight for“为……而战斗”,apply for“申请”,call on“号召”,wait on“服侍”。句意:索马里海盗在海上频繁的袭击促使联合国号召所有的国家立刻采取行动。答案为C。

6. The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to ____ their discussion. (天津卷2008)

A. put away B. take down C. look over D. carry on

【解析】put away“放好、储存……备用、处理掉、放弃、抛弃”,take down“拿下、记下、拆卸、病倒”,look over“从……上面看、检查、调查”,carry on“继续开展、坚持、举止正常”。句意:饭后,经理们又到会议室继续他们的讨论。答案为D。

7. “What are you reading, Tom?” “Im not really reading, just ____ the pages. (全国卷Ⅱ2008)

A. turning off B. turning around C. turning over D. turning up

【解析】turn off“关掉、避开”, turn around“回转、转向”, turn over“打翻、反复考虑、翻身、翻阅”, turn up“找到、发现、出现”。句意:我没有在看书,我只是在翻阅。答案为C。

8. If the firms failed to make enongh money, they would ____.(湖北卷2007)

A. close down B. call off C. turn down D. set off

【解析】close down“倒闭”, call off“取消”, turn down“拒绝、关小”, set off“出发、引起”。句意:如果公司不能赚足够的钱,其结果自然是倒闭关门了。答案为A。

9. “Have you ____ some new ideas?” “Yeah, Ill tell you later.” (江苏卷2007)

A. come about B. come into C. come up with D. come out with

【解析】come about“发生”, come into“偶然遇到”, come up with“想出、提出”, come out with“和……一起出去”。句意:你想出一些好主意了吗?答案为C。

10. It is the sort of work that ____ a high level of concentration. (山东卷2007)

A. calls for B. makes up C. lies in D. stands for

【解析】call for“需要、要求”, make up“组成、化妆”, lie in“在于”, stand for“代表”。句意:这是一种要求高度集中注意力的工作。答案为A。

小结:做好这类试题的关键有以下几个步骤和一个前提条件:

1.步骤:第一步:通读全句,掌握句意,猜出空白处所需的含义。第二步:分析四个答案的含义,选择一个最适当的选项,并填入空白处。第三步:再一次通读句子,确保句意通顺。

2.前提条件:考生对所有高中课本中出现的动词短语有较强的记忆能力和辨析能力。