早期益生菌肠内营养对感染性休克患者营养状态和临床疗效的影响

2019-12-30 01:37项美姣葛国平
中国现代医生 2019年31期
关键词:营养状态感染性休克炎症因子

项美姣 葛国平

[摘要] 目的 探討早期益生菌肠内营养对感染性休克患者营养状态及临床疗效的影响。 方法 选取我院2017年1月~2018年12月接诊的感染性休克患者64例,按照随机数字排列法将其分为两组,每组32例,对照组采用常规营养治疗,观察组采用早期益生菌肠内营养干预,观察两组患者治疗前后营养状况[血清白蛋白(Alb)、总蛋白(TP)、血红蛋白(Hb)]以及炎症因子[血清白细胞介素(IL-6、IL-8)以及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]变化情况。 结果 两组患者干预后Alb、TP、Hb均低于干预前,观察组干预后Alb、TP、Hb高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者干预后IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α均低于干预前,观察组干预后IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α低于对照组(P<0.01)。两组干预后APACHEⅡ评分均低于干预前,干预后观察组APACHEⅡ评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。 结论 早期益生菌肠内营养干预可改善患者营养状态及炎症因子水平。

[关键词] 感染性休克;早期益生菌肠内营养;营养状态;炎症因子

[中图分类号] R459.7          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1673-9701(2019)31-0018-04

Effect of early probiotic enteral nutrition on nutritional status and clinical efficacy in the patients with septic shock

XIANG Meijiao   GE Guoping

ICU, Jinhua People's Hospital in Zhejiang Province, Jinhua   321000, China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effects of early probiotic enteral nutrition on nutritional status and clinical efficacy in the patients with septic shock. Methods 64 patients with septic shock who were admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the random number method, with 32 patients in each group. The control group was given conventional nutritional therapy, and the observation group was given early probiotic enteral nutritional intervention. The changes in nutritional status [serum albumin (Alb), total protein (TP), hemoglobin (Hb)] and inflammatory factors [serum interleukin (IL-6, IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] were observed before and after treatment in the two groups. Results Alb, TP and Hb were lower in the two groups after intervention than those before intervention. Alb, TP and Hb after intervention were higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05); IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were lower after intervention in the two groups than those before intervention. IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α after intervention were lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.01). The APACHE Ⅱ scores in the two groups after intervention were lower than those before intervention. The APACHE Ⅱ score in the observation group after intervention was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Early probiotic enteral nutritional intervention can improve the nutritional status and inflammatory factors of patients.

[Key words] Septic shock; Early probiotic enteral nutrition; Nutritional status; Inflammatory factors

本研究结果显示,两组患者均采取早期肠内营养干预,在干预后Alb、TP、Hb均低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中Alb、TP、Hb均为反映机体营养状况的常用指标,Alb下降提示机体处于营养不良状态或强烈应激状态,为监测危重症患者营养状态的重要指标。TP、Hb为机体蛋白水平的常用监测指标,在维持血液正常胶体渗透压、pH值及运输多种代谢物、营养等多种生物学过程中均具有明显作用,不仅可用于监测机体营养状况,也可用于疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断。上述结果表明感染性休克患者均会表现不同程度的营养不良。两组干预后Alb、TP、Hb比较,观察组Alb、TP、Hb明显高于对照组,说明观察组所采取的肠内营养干预能够更好地实现对营养状况的维持,避免患者发生严重的营养不良。这可能与观察组营养方案中的益生菌使用有关。益生菌为一种活性生物,可抵抗有害细菌侵袭[12,13],益生菌携带的半乳糖苷酶可改善肠道消化吸收功能,并可竞争性地产生抑菌物质,增强抗炎功效。有研究表明[14],益生菌在进入肠道之后,可分泌大量的细菌素,这些细菌素既可快速杀灭病原菌,又可发挥定植效果,增强益生菌的竞争性。

基于此,我们进一步观察两组营养方案对机体炎症指标的影响,结果显示两组患者干预后IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α表达水平低于干预前(P<0.01),说明通过早期肠内营养干预可控制炎症。干预后观察组IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α低于对照组(P<0.01),说明加入益生菌的早期肠内营养干预能够更好的实现对炎症因子的控制。这主要与益生菌能够对核因子(NF-κB)激活的抑制作用有关。有研究表明[15,16],益生菌可促使NF-κB活化反应实现迅速阻断,避免p60/p105入核,NF-κB无法被激活,转录翻译出相应炎症因子功能受到抑制[17]。与此同时,益生菌可以更好地促进分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)的分泌[18],增强肠道免疫屏障作用,并可通过MAPK、NF-κB、Akt/PI3K等多个信号通路,发挥调节炎症介质水平的作用。另还有研究显示[19,20],早期肠内营养干预可控制感染性休克炎症因子水平,降低病死率,且在早期肠内营养干预中增加益生菌,控制炎症因子效果更好,与本研究结论一致。

APACHEⅡ评分最早是在1985年由Knaus等提出,可动态反映患者病情变化及定量监测疾病严重程度的指标,可客观地指导医疗计划的进行。该量表由年龄、急性生理病理改变、慢性健康情况3个部分组成,在感染性休克患者中,可用于评价患者病情、疗效及预后。本研究结果显示,两组干预后APACHEⅡ评分均显著下降,观察组下降程度大于对照组,这与韦广莹等[21]的研究结论一致。说明观察组治疗方案可改善感染性休克患者慢性健康情况,减轻急性生理病理改变,从而利于患者早期康复。

綜上所述,在感染性休克患者的临床治疗中,早期益生菌肠内营养干预可改善患者营养状况及炎症因子水平。

[参考文献]

[1] 吴新军,何立东,孙小勇. 感染性休克患者临床流行病学分析[J]. 中华医院感染学杂志,2014,24(6):1378-1380.

[2] 王龙廷,周荣斌,郭凯,等. 休克流行病学研究进展[J]. 中国实用内科杂志,2014,34(S2):56-58.

[3] 蔡雪军,邵建平,李永元,等. 重症急性胰腺炎早期肠内营养对肠源性感染指标的影响[J]. 中华医院感染学杂志,2019,29(1):99-101,105.

[4] 虎琼华,周瑜,张鸣,等. 乌司他丁联合持续性肾脏替代疗法治疗感染性休克临床效果观察[J]. 临床误诊误治,2018,31(2):56-62.

[5] 王小明. 不同晶体液早期复苏对感染性休克患者肾功能及内环境影响的前瞻性随机对照临床研究[D].扬州大学,2018.

[6] 关丽萍,尉志强,关巍. 免疫肠内营养支持对危重病患者细胞免疫功能及并发症的影响[J]. 当代医学,2018, 24(35):21-23.

[7] 叶林,周发春.ICU感染性休克患者不同平均动脉压维持水平与急性肾损伤的发生及预后的关系[J].第三军医大学学报,2016,38(15):1781-1787.

[8] Wang Y,Zhang J,Zhang SJ. Effects of anesthesia using propofol and etomidate on T lymphocyte subpopulation of infectious shock patients in perioperative period[J]. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents,2017,31(1):119-123.

[9] Smit MA,Nyquist AC,Todd JK. Infectious shock and toxic shock syndrome diagnoses in hospitals, Colorado,USA[J]. Emerg Infect Dis,2013,19(11):1855-1858.

[10] Brien ME,Baker B,Duval C,et al. Alarmins at the maternal-fetal interface:Involvement of inflammation in placental dysfunction and pregnancy complications[J]. Can J Physiol Pharmacol,2019,97(3):206-212.

[11] 汪建英,方强. 肠内增强免疫营养对重症肺炎患者免疫功能及预后的影响[J]. 中国微生态学杂志,2018,30(10):1164-1168.

[12] Dudoignon E,Alanio A,Anstey J,et al. Outcome and potentially modifiable risk factors for candidemia in critically ill burns patients:A matched cohort study[J]. Mycoses,2019,62(3):237-246.

[13] Cheong HC,Lee C,Cheok YY,et al. CPAF, HSP60 and MOMP antigens elicit pro-inflammatory cytokines production in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from genital Chlamydia trachomatis-infected patients[J]. Immunobiology,2019,224(1):34-41.

[14] Menicucci AR,Jankeel A,Feldmann H,et al. Antiviral innate responses induced by VSV-EBOV vaccination contribute to rapid protection[J]. MBio,2019,10(3):e00597-19.

[15] 闵桂林.早期肠内营养对严重创伤致急性胃肠损伤患者的临床疗效[J]. 创伤外科杂志,2018,20(12):939-940.

[16] 李俊蕾,陆蓉,廖天芬,等. 益生菌联合早期肠内营养对重型颅脑损伤患者感染及免疫功能的影响[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2018,28(19):2973-2976,2980.

[17] Maggio MC,Cimaz R,Alaimo A, et al. Kawasaki disease triggered by parvovirus infection:An atypical case report of two siblings[J]. J Med Case Rep,2019,13(1):104.

[18] Sabino S,Soares S,Ramos F,et al. A cohort study of the impact of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae infections on mortality of patients presenting with sepsis[J]. mSphere,2019,4(2):e00052-19.

[19] Jarosz M,Olbert M,Gabriela W,et al. Antioxi dant and anti-inflammatory effects of Zinc. Zinrdepend-ent NF-B signaling[J]. lnflammopharmacology,2017,25(1):1-14.

[20] Sadeghi A,Ebrahimi SSS,Golestani A,et al. Resveratrol ameliorates palmitate-induced inflammation in skeletal muscle cells by attenuating oxidative stress and JNK/NF-KB pathway in a SIRT1-independent mechanism[J]. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry,2017,12(14):1474-1475.

[21] 韋广莹,卢荣恒,谭宜将. 免疫强化肠内营养在感染性休克患者中的临床应用[J]. 中国急救医学,2015,35(9):802-807.

(收稿日期:2019-03-13)

猜你喜欢
营养状态感染性休克炎症因子
胸腹腔镜微创手术与传统开胸手术对食管癌患者术后肺功能、炎症因子水平的影响
阿托伐他汀强化降脂对急性脑梗死患者疗效与炎症因子的影响
血必净治疗重症肺炎的效果观察及对炎症因子和氧化、抗氧化因子的影响
被动抬腿试验评价感染性休克患者容量反应性的意义探析
每搏量变异度监测指导感染性休克术中容量治疗的应用价值
肠内营养对胃癌患者术后营养状态及生活质量的影响
不同透析剂量对腹膜透析患者营养状态的影响
谷氨酰胺联合百普力肠内营养对胃癌患者术后营养状态及免疫功能的影响
不同透析方法对透析效果及营养状态的影响